Policy Research Working Paper Series

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786: Fiscal policyfor managing Indonesia's environment

Sadiq Ahmed

785: How did the Asian countries avoid the debt crisis?

Ishrat Husain

784: Chemicals from Poland: a tempest in a teacup

Andrzej Olechowski

783: The origins and evolution of antidumping regulation

Joseph Finger

782: The economic effects of widespread application of antidumping duties to import pricing

Patrick Conway and Sumana Dhar

781: The Korean consumer electronics industry: reaction to antidumping actions

Taeho Bark

780: Optimal user charges and cost recovery for roads in developing countries

Ian G. Heggie and Vincy Fon

779: Special programme of research, development and research training in human reproduction

Janet Nassim

778: A dynamic bargaining model of sovereign debt

Eduardo Fernandez-Arias

777: Do the benefits of fixed exchange rates outweigh their costs? The Franc Zone in Africa

Shantayanan Devarajan and Dani Rodrik

776: Enforcement of Canadian"unfair"trade laws: the case for competition policies as an antidote for protection

Mark A. Dutz

775: The macroeconomics of public sector deficits: a synthesis

William Easterly and Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel

774: Agricultural pricing systems and transportation policy in Africa

Mark Gersovitz

773: Are Ghana's roads paying their way? Assessing road use cost and user charges in Ghana

Reuben Gronau

772: Macroeconomic adjustment to oil shocks and fiscal reform: simulations for Zimbabwe, 1988-1995

Ibrahim Elbadawi and Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel

771: Macroeconomic structure and policy in Zimbabwe, analysis and empirical model: 1965-1988

Ibrahim A. Elbadawi and Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel

770: Privatization in Eastern and Central Europe: objectives, constraints, and models of divestiture

Farid Dhanji and Branko Milanovic

769: Entry-exit, learning, and productivity change: evidence from Chile

Lili Liu

768: Going to market: privatization in Central and Eastern Market Europe

Manuel Hinds and Gerhard Pohl

767: Framework for macroeconomic analysis applied to Kenya

Colin A. Bruce and David Ndii

766: Economic crisis, structural adjustment, and health in Africa

Francois Diop, Kenneth Hill and Ismail Sirageldin

765: Withholding taxes and international bank credit terms

Harry Huizinga

764: African financing needs in the 1990s

Jorge Culagovski, Victor Gabor, Maria Cristina Germany and Charles P. Humphreys

763: A valuation formula for LDC debt

Daniel Cohen

762: Debt, debt relief, and growth: a bargaining approach

Daniel Cohen and Thierry Verdier

761: Uncertainty and the discrepancy between rate of return estimates at project appraisal and project completion

Gerhard Pohl and Dubravko Mihaljek

760: How conflicting definitions of"manufactures"distort output and trade statistics

Alexander J. Yeats

759: The Profamilia Family Planning Program, Colombia: an economic perspective

Jesus Amadeo, Dov Chernichovsky and Gabriel Ojeda

758: Is there excess co-movement of primary commodity prices? A co-integration test

Theodosios Palaskas and Panos N. Varangis

757: Managing the transition: enhancing the efficiency of Eastern European governments

Eric Rice

756: Taxes versus quotas: the case of cocoa exports

Arvind Panagariya and Maurice Schiff

755: Hedging crude oil imports in developing countries

Stijn Claessens and Panos Varangis

754: Estimating returns to scale with large imperfect panels

James Tybout and M. Daniel Westbrook

753: The CMEA system of trade and payments: the legacy and the aftermath of its termination

Martin Schrenk

752: Inflation and stabilization in Yugoslavia

Roberto de Rezende Rocha

751: A consumption-based direct tax for countries in transition from socialism

McLure, Charles E.,

750: Reforming and privatizing Poland's road freight industry

Esra Bennathan, Jeffrey Gutman and Louis Thompson

749: Hedging commodity price risks in Papua New Guinea

Stijn Claessens and Jonathan Coleman

748: European trade patterns after the transition

Oleh Havrylyshyn and Lant Pritchett

747: Credit policies in Japan and Korea: a review of the literature

Dimitri Vittas and Bo Wang

746: The impact of regulation on financial intermediation

Dimitri Vittas

745: The meaning of"unfair"in US import policy

Joseph Finger

744: Stainless steel in Sweden: antidumping attacks, good international citizenship

Gunnar Fors

743: Antidumping enforcement in the European Community

Angelika Eymann and Ludger Schuknecht

742: The cost of the district hospital: a case study from Malawi

A.J. Mills

741: When does rent-seeking augment the benefits of price and trade reform on rationed commodities?: estimates for automobiles and color televisions in Poland

David Tarr

740: The onchocerciasis control program in West Africa: a long-term commitment to success

Bernard H. Liese, John Wilson, Bruce Benton and Douglas Marr

739: Managing financial risks in Papua New Guinea: an optimal external debt portfolio

Jonathan R. Coleman and Ying Qian

738: Tax competition and tax coordination: when countries differ in size

Ravi Kanbur and Michael Keen

737: External shocks, adjustment policies, and investment: illustrations from a forward-looking CGE model of the Philippines

Delfin Go

736: Wages and employment in the transition to a market economy

Simon Commander, Fabrizio Coricelli and Karsten Staehr

735: Traditional medicine in sub-Saharan Africa: its importance and potential policy options

Jocelyn DeJong

734: Curricular content, educational expansion, and economic growth

Aaron Benavot

733: The consulting profession in developing countries: a strategy for development

Syed S. Kirmani and Warren C. Baum

732: Stabilization programs in Eastern Europe: a comparative analysis of the Polish and Yugoslav programs of 1990

Fabrizio Coricelli and Roberto de Rezende Rocha

731: Efficiency wage theory, labormarkets, and adjustment

Luis Riveros and Lawrence Bouton

730: Wage and employment policies in Czechoslovakia

Luis Riveros

729: Is export diversification the best way to achieve export growth and stability? A look at three African countries

Ridwan Ali, Jeffrey Alwang and Paul B. Siegel

728: Does better access to contraceptives increase their use? Key policy and methodological issues

Susan H. Cochrane and Laura Gibney

727: The effects of debt subsidies on corporate investment behavior

Mansoor Dailami and E. Han Kim

726: Perspectives on the design of intergovernmental fiscal relations

Anwar Shah

725: How structure of production determines the demand for human capital

Indermit S. Gill and Shahidur Khandker

724: Fiscal issues in adjustment: an introduction

Riccardo Faini and Jaime de Melo

723: Improving women's and children's nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa: an issues paper

Olayinka Abosede and Judith S. McGuire

722: Is rice becoming an inferior good? Food demand in the Philippines

Merlinda D. Ingco

721: The demand for money in developing countries: assessing the role of financial innovation

Patricio Arrau, Jose De Gregorio, Carmen Reinhart and Peter Wickham

720: The outlook for commercial bank lending to sub-Saharan Africa

Ellen Johnson Sirleaf and Francis Nyirjesy

719: How trade and economic policies affect agriculture: a framework for analysis applied to Tanzania and Malawi

Ramon Lopez, Ridwan Ali and Bjorn Larsen

718: Impact of investment policies on German direct investment in developing countries: an empirical investigation

Andrea Gubitz

717: Does financial liberalization really improve private investment in developing countries?

Jacques Morisset

716: Financing training: issues and options

Christopher Dougherty and Jee-Peng Tan

715: Promoting girls'and women's education: lessons from the past

Rosemary Bellew and Elizabeth King

714: Women in forestry in India

Ravinder Kaur

713: The determination of wages in socialist economies: some microfoundations

Simon Commander and Karsten Staehr

712: Foreign direct investment in developing countries: patterns, policies, and prospects

Thomas L. Brewer

711: Financial reform in socialist economies in transition

Millard Long and Silvia B. Sagari

710: Urban property tax reform: guidelines and recommendations

William Dillinger

709: An empirical macroeconomic model for policy design: the case of Chile

Luis Servén and Andres Solimano

708: Nongovernmental organizations and health delivery in sub-Saharan Africa

Jocelyn DeJong

707: Population, health, and nutrition: fiscal 1990 sector review

Phn

706: Successful nutrition programs in Africa: what makes them work?

Eileen Kennedy

705: What causes differences in achievement in Zimbabwe's secondary schools?

Levi Martin Nyagura and Abby Rubin Riddell

704: Costs and finance of higher education in Pakistan

Rosemary Bellew and Joseph DeStefano

703: The political economy of fiscal policy and inflation in developing countries: an empirical analysis

Sebastian Edwards and Guido Tabellini

702: Should price reform proceed gradually or in a"big bang?"

Sweder van Wijnbergen

701: Education and adjustment: a review of the literature

Andrew Noss

700: Trade liberalization and the transition to a market economy

Oleh Havrylyshyn and David Tarr

699: Regulation and deregulation in industrial countries: some lessons for LDCs

Ralph Bradburd and David R. Ross

698: Tax policy options to promote private capital formation in Pakistan

Andrew Feltenstein and Anwar Shah

697: Volatility reversal from interest rates to the real exchange rate: financial liberalization in Chile, 1975-82

Paul McNelis and Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel

696: Macroeconomics of public sector deficits: the case of Chile

Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel and Jorge Marshall

695: Long term prospects in Eastern Europe: the role of external finance in an era of change

Ishac Diwan and Fernando Saldanha

694: Labor markets in an era of adjustment: an overview

Susan Horton, Ravi Kanbur and Dipak Mazumdar

693: Report on adjustment lending II: lessons forEastern Europe

Vittorio Corbo

692: Health financing in the poor countries: cost recovery or cost reduction?

Joseph Brunet-Jailly

691: Can debt-reduction policies restore investment and economic growth in highly indebted countries? A macroeconomic framework applied to Argentina

Jacques Morisset

690: The terms-of-trade effects from the elimination of state trading in Soviet - Hungarian trade

Gabor Oblath and David Tarr

689: Do tax policies stimulate investment in physical and research and development capital?

John Baffes and Anwar Shah

688: Macroeconomics of public sector deficits: the case of Zimbabwe

Felipe Morandé and Klaus Schmidt-Hebbel

687: Brazilian frozen concentrated orange juice: the folly of unfair trade cases

Carlos Alberto Primo Braga and Simao Davi Silber