Policy Research Working Paper Series

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2618: Globalization and the challenge for developing countries

Shahid Yusuf

2617: Shanghai rising in a globalizing world

Shahid Yusuf and Weiping Wu

2616: Reforming land and real estate markets

Ahmed Galal and Omar Razzaz

2615: Trade, growth, and poverty

David Dollar and Aart Kraay

2614: South-South regional integration and industrial growth: the case of the Andean Pact

Dorsati H. Madani

2613: Foreign direct investment and poverty reduction

Michael Klein, Carl Aaron and Bita Hadjimichael

2612: Contractual savings, capital markets, and firms'financing choices

Alberto R. Musalem, Gregorio Impavido and Thierry Tressel

2611: Trade and production fragmentation: Central European economies in European Union networks of production and marketing

Bartlomiej Kaminski and Francis Ng

2610: Crisis and contagion in East Asia: nine lessons

Masahiro Kawai, Richard S. Newfarmer and Sergio Schmukler

2609: Financial dependence and international trade

Thorsten Beck

2608: Financial development and international trade: is there a link?

Thorsten Beck

2607: The economic control of infectious diseases

Mark Gersovitz and Jeffrey Hammer

2606: Exchange rate risk management: evidence from East Asia

Leora Klapper

2605: The macroeconomic impact of bank capital requirements in emerging economies - past evidence to assess the future

Maria Chiuri, Giovanni Ferri and Giovanni Majnoni

2604: Eliminating excessive tariffs on exports of least developed countries

Bernard Hoekman, Francis Ng and Marcelo Olarreaga

2603: How the quality of institutions affects technological deepening in developing countries

George Clarke

2602: Sugar policy and reform

Donald Larson and Brent Borrell

2601: The WTO agreement and telecommunications policy reform

Peter Cowhey and Mikhail Klimenko

2600: Rent-sharing, hold-up, and manufacturing wages in Cote d'Ivoire

Jean-Paul Azam and Catherine Ris

2599: State ownership and labor redundancy - estimates based on enterprise-level data from Vietnam

Patrick Belser and Martin Rama

2598: Weightless machines and costless knowledge - an empirical analysis of trade and technology diffusion

Giorgio Barba Navaretti and Isidro Soloaga

2597: Measuring the impact of minimum wages: evidence from Latin America

William Maloney, Jairo Nunez, Wendy Cunningham, Norbert Fiess, Claudio Montenegro, Edmundo Murrugarra, Mauricio Santamaria and Claudia Sepulveda

2596: Shaping future GATS rules for trade in services

Aaditya Mattoo

2595: Unrestricted market access for Sub-Saharan Africa - How much is it worth and who pays?

Elena Ianchovichina, Aaditya Mattoo and Marcelo Olarreaga

2594: Committing to civil service reform: the performance of pre-shipment inspection under different institutional regimes

Noel Johnson

2593: Changing trade patterns after conflict resolution in the South Caucasus

Evgeny Polyakov

2592: Management of oil windfalls in Mexico: historical experience and policy options for the future

Stephen Everhart and Robert Duval-Hernandez

2591: Hirschmanian themes of social learning and change

David Ellerman

2590: Household welfare and poverty dynamics in Burkina Faso: empirical evidence from household surveys

Hippolyte Fofack, Celestin Monga and Hasan Tuluy

2589: Implementing the market approach to enterprise support - an evaluation of ten matching grant schemes

David A. Phillips

2588: The regulation and supervision of banks around the world - a new database

Barth, James R.*Caprio,Gerard*Levine, Ross

2587: Growth is good for the poor

David Dollar and Aart Kraay

2586: On the urbanization of poverty

Martin Ravallion

2585: Law, politics, and finance

Thorsten Beck, Asli Demirguc-Kunt and Ross Levine

2584: Structural adjustment and forest resources - the impact of World Bank operations

Kiran D. Pandey and David Wheeler

2583: How the location of roads and protected areas affects deforestation in North Thailand

Maureen Cropper, Jyotsna Puri and Charles Griffiths

2582: Development financing during a crisis: securitization of future receivables

Suhas Ketkar and Dilip Ratha

2581: Securities clearance and settlement systems - a guide to best practices

Mario Guadamillas and Robert Keppler

2580: On"indirect"trade-related research and development spillovers

Lumenga-Neso, Olivier, Marcelo Olarreaga and Maurice Schiff

2579: Public health and education spending in Ghana in 1992-98: issues of equity and efficiency

R. Sudharshan Canagarajah and Xiao Ye

2578: How accession to the European Union has affected external trade and foreign direct investment in Central European economies

Bartlomiej Kaminski

2577: Developing rainfall-based index insurance in Morocco

Skees, Jerry*Gober, Stephanie*Varangis, Panos*Le

2576: Trade policy, standards, and development in Central America

Gary Hufbauer, Barbara Kotschwar and John Wilson

2575: The quality of bureaucracy and capital account policies

Chong-En Bai and Shang-Jin Wei

2574: How adverse selection affects the health insurance market

Paolo Belli

2573: The gender implications of public sector downsizing: the reform program of Vietnam

Martin Rama

2572: Nonfarm income, inequality, and poverty in rural Egypt and Jordan

Richard Adams

2571: Stock market responses to bank restructuring policies during the East Asian crisis

Daniela Klingebiel, Randy Kroszner, Luc Laeven and Pieter van Oijen

2570: Asymmetries in union relative wage effects in Ghanaian manufacturing - an analysis applying quantile regressions

Niels-Hugo Blunch and Dorte Verner

2569: From users to custodians: changing relations between people and the State in forest management in Tanzania

Liz Alden Wily and Peter A. Dewees

2568: Ownership structure and the temptation to loot: evidence from privatized firms in the Czech Republic

Robert Cull, Jana Matesova and Mary Shirley

2567: Policy reform, economic growth, and the digital divide - an econometric analysis

Susmita Dasgupta, Somik Lall and David Wheeler

2566: Convexity and sheepskin effects in the human capital earnings function: recent evidence for Filipino men

Norbert Schady

2565: Does fiscal decentralization improve health outcomes? - evidence from a cross-country analysis

David Robalino, Oscar F. Picazo and Albertus Voetberg

2564: Economic analysis of World Bank education projects and project outcomes

Ayesha Yaqub Vawda, Peter Moock, J. Price Gittinger and Harry Patrinos

2563: A race to the top? A case study of food safety standards and African exports

Otsuki, Tsunehiro*Wilson,John S.*Sewadeh, Mirvat

2562: Decomposing world income distribution: does the world have a middle class ?

Branko Milanovic and Shlomo Yitzhaki

2561: Democracy and income inequality: an empirical analysis

Mark Gradstein, Branko Milanovic and Yvonne Ying

2560: Catastrophe risk management: using alternative risk financing and insurance pooling mechanisms

John D Pollner

2559: Deposit insurance as private club - Is Germany a model?

Thorsten Beck

2558: Growth, inequality, and poverty: looking beyond averages

Martin Ravallion

2557: Decentralization and accountability: are voters more vigilant in local than in national elections ?

Stuti Khemani

2556: Household strategies for coping with poverty and social exclusion in post-crisis Russia

Michael Lokshin and Ruslan Yemtsov

2555: Implicit pension debt, transition cost, options, and impact of China's pension reform: a computable general equilibrium analysis

Yan Wang, Dianqing Xu, Zhi Wang and FanZhai

2554: Administrative costs and the organization of individual retirement account systems: a comparative perspective

Estelle James, James Smalhout and Dimitri Vittas

2553: The value of relationship banking during financial crises: evidence from the Republic of Korea

Giovanni Ferri, Tae Soo Kang and In-June Kim

2552: Inventories in developing countries: levels and determinants - a red flag for competitiveness and growth

J. Luis Guasch and Joseph Kogan

2551: Infrastructure coverage and the poor: the global perspective

Kristin Komives, Dale Whittington and Xun Wu

2550: Measuring equity in health care financing - reflections on (and alternatives to) the World Health Organization's fairness of financing index

Adam Wagstaff

2549: Measuring poverty dynamics and inequality in transition economies - disentangling real events from noisy data

Erzo Luttmer

2548: International provision of trade services, trade, and fragmentation

Alan Deardorff

2547: The design of incentives for health care providers in developing countries: contracts, competition, and cost control

Jeffrey Hammer and William G. Jack

2546: Gender dimensions of pension reform in the Former Soviet Union

Paulette Castel and Louise Fox

2545: Financing the future: infrastructure needs in Latin America, 2000-05

Marianne Fay

2544: The uniqueness of short-term collateralization

Leora Klapper

2543: When do special interests run rampant ? disentangling the role in banking crises of elections, incomplete information, and checks and balances

Philip Keefer

2542: Checks and balances, private information, and the credibility of monetary commitments

Philip Keefer and David Stasavage

2541: Household schooling decisions in rural Pakistan

Yasuyuki Sawada and Michael Lokshin

2540: Recapitalizing banking systems: implications for incentives and fiscal and monetary policy

Patrick Honohan

2539: Disorganization or self-organization: the emergence of business associations in a transition economy

Francesca Recanatini and Randi Ryterman

2538: Designing natural gas distribution concessions in a megacity: tradeoffs beetween scale economies and information disclosure in Mexico City

Juan Rosellon and Jonathan Halpern

2537: Regulatory reform in Mexico's natural gas industry: liberalization in the context of a dominant upstream incumbent

Juan Rosellon

2536: Malaysian capital controls

Ron Hood

2535: Trade policy reform in the East Asian transition economies

Will Martin

2534: Indigenous ethnicity and entrepreneurial success in Africa: some evidence from Ethiopia

Taye Mengistae

2533: How much war will we see? Estimating the incidence of civil war in 161 countries

Ibrahim Elbadawi and Nicholas Sambanis

2532: Market presence, contestability, and the terms-of-trade effects of regional integration

Maurice Schiff and Won Chang

2531: Growth implosions, debt explosions, and my Aunt Marilyn: do growth slowdowns cause public debt crises?

William Easterly

2530: The role of nongovernmental organizations in primary education - a study of six NGOs in India

Shanti Jagannathan

2529: Mutual fund investment in emerging markets - an overview

Graciela Kaminsky, Richard Lyons and Sergio Schmukler

2528: Poverty and public celebrations in rural India

Vijayendra Rao

2527: Is inequality bad for business: a non-linear microeconomic model of wealth effects on self-employment

Alice Mesnard and Martin Ravallion

2526: Linking participatory poverty assessments to policy and policymaking - experience from Vietnam

Carrie Turk

2525: Measuring education inequality - Gini coefficients of education

Vinod Thomas, Yan Wang and Xibo Fan

2524: Racing to the bottom: foreign investment and air pollution in developing countries

David Wheeler

2523: Can duty-drawbacks have a protectionist bias? Evidence from MERCOSUR

Cadot, Olivier* de Melo, Jaime*Olarreaga, Marcelo

2522: Trade in international maritime services: how much does policy matter?

Carsten Fink, Aaditya Mattoo and Ileana Neagu Constantinescu

2521: Labor market"rigidity"and the success of economic reforms across more than one hundred countries

Alvaro Forteza and Martin Rama

2520: Wage effects of unions and industrial councils in South Africa

Kristin Butcher and Cecilia Elena Rouse

2519: Is investment in Africa too low or too high: macro and micro evidence

Shantayanan Devarajan, William R. Easterley and Howard Pack