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2001, volume 409, articles 6823

Wheels start to turn for mutant mouse archive pp. 967-967

Alison Abbott

European Union moves to curb moratorium on transgenic plants pp. 967-968

Quirin Schiermeier

Canada's BSE fears 'groundless' pp. 968-968

David Spurgeon

India promises more earthquake research pp. 968-968

K. S. Jayaraman

First Bush budget set to favour life sciences pp. 969-969

Matthew Davis

Farming accused of eco-damage pp. 969-969

Corie Lok

Residents wait for return to Japanese volcano island pp. 970-970

David Cyranoski

Small payout over Green Bank telescope cheers astronomers pp. 970-970

Irwin Goodwin

Biologists urge US to build marine reserves pp. 971-971

Mark Schrope

Scientists seek solidarity in oaths pp. 971-971

Paul Smaglik and Colin Macilwain

Climate change offers bleak future pp. 971-971

Quirin Schiermeier

Let there be light pp. 974-976

Philip Ball

Oxide formation: reaction details studied, reported in brief pp. 977-977

Howard Maskill

Varied ecosystems need different fire protection pp. 977-977

Sheri L. Gutsell, Edward A. Johnson, Kiyoko Miyanishi, Jon E. Keeley, Matthew Dickinson and Simon R. J. Bridge

Opposition to animal law is not lack of concern pp. 977-977

Mary J. C. Hendrix

In search of unity pp. 979-980

Philip Clayton

Art in the plastic age pp. 980-980

Mark D. Haw

From the monastery to the laboratory pp. 981-982

Brian Charlesworth

Corruption and its consequences pp. 982-982

Frances Cairncross

Lombroso and Tolstoy pp. 983-983

Paolo Mazzarello

The artistry of nature pp. 985-986

Eshel Ben-Jacob and Herbert Levine

The bite of Allosaurus pp. 987-988

Gregory M. Erickson

A 3D view of sodium channels pp. 988-991

William A. Catterall

Sediments to planetary motion pp. 991-992

Marie-France Loutre

Bagging the lag pp. 992-993

Michael E. Hochberg and Arthur E. Weis

Go with the flow pp. 993-995

Itamar Procaccia

Tom Kilburn (1921–2001) pp. 996-996

Simon Lavington

Muscle strength in overwintering bears pp. 997-997

Henry J. Harlow, Tom Lohuis, Thomas D. I. Beck and Paul A. Iaizzo

Particulate emission from biomass combustion pp. 998-998

Art Fernandez, Sheldon B. Davis, Jost O. L. Wendt, Roberta Cenni, R. Scott Young and Mark L. Witten

An Early Cretaceous pellet pp. 998-1000

José L. Sanz, Luis M. Chiappe, Yolanda Fernádez-Jalvo, Francisco Ortega, Begoña Sánchez-Chillón, Francisco J. Poyato-Ariza and Bernardino P. Pérez-Moreno

Protein encoding by both DNA strands pp. 1000-1000

Mariano Labrador, Fabien Mongelard, Piedad Plata-Rengifo, Ellen M. Baxter, Victor G. Corces and Tatiana I. Gerasimova

The impact of specialized enemies on the dimensionality of host dynamics pp. 1001-1006

Ottar N. Bjørnstad, Steven M. Sait, Nils C. Stenseth, David J. Thompson and Michael Begon

Massive gene decay in the leprosy bacillus pp. 1007-1011

S. T. Cole, K. Eiglmeier, J. Parkhill, K. D. James, N. R. Thomson, P. R. Wheeler, N. Honoré, T. Garnier, C. Churcher, D. Harris, K. Mungall, D. Basham, D. Brown, T. Chillingworth, R. Connor, R. M. Davies, K. Devlin, S. Duthoy, T. Feltwell, A. Fraser, N. Hamlin, S. Holroyd, T. Hornsby, K. Jagels, C. Lacroix, J. Maclean, S. Moule, L. Murphy, K. Oliver, M. A. Quail, M.-A. Rajandream, K. M. Rutherford, S. Rutter, K. Seeger, S. Simon, M. Simmonds, J. Skelton, R. Squares, S. Squares, K. Stevens, K. Taylor, S. Whitehead, J. R. Woodward and B. G. Barrell

A dusty torus around the luminous young star LkHα101 pp. 1012-1014

Peter G. Tuthill, John D. Monnier and William C. Danchi

Experimental entanglement distillation and ‘hidden’ non-locality pp. 1014-1017

Paul G. Kwiat, Salvador Barraza-Lopez, André Stefanov and Nicolas Gisin

Fluid particle accelerations in fully developed turbulence pp. 1017-1019

A. La Porta, Greg A. Voth, Alice M. Crawford, Jim Alexander and Eberhard Bodenschatz

Prediction of absolute crystal-nucleation rate in hard-sphere colloids pp. 1020-1023

Stefan Auer and Daan Frenkel

Formation of thermally stable alkylidene layers on a catalytically active surface pp. 1023-1026

El Mamoune Zahidi, Hicham Oudghiri-Hassani and Peter H. McBreen

Recent mass balance of polar ice sheets inferred from patterns of global sea-level change pp. 1026-1029

Jerry X. Mitrovica, Mark E. Tamisiea, James L. Davis and Glenn A. Milne

Geological constraints on tidal dissipation and dynamical ellipticity of the Earth over the past three million years pp. 1029-1033

Lucas J. Lourens, Rolf Wehausen and Hans J. Brumsack

Cranial design and function in a large theropod dinosaur pp. 1033-1037

Emily J. Rayfield, David B. Norman, Celeste C. Horner, John R. Horner, Paula May Smith, Jeffrey J. Thomason and Paul Upchurch

Genetic evidence against panmixia in the European eel pp. 1037-1040

Thierry Wirth and Louis Bernatchez

Temporal dynamics of a neural solution to the aperture problem in visual area MT of macaque brain pp. 1040-1042

Christopher C. Pack and Richard T. Born

A sodium-channel mutation causes isolated cardiac conduction disease pp. 1043-1047

Hanno L. Tan, Margreet T. E. Bink-Boelkens, Connie R. Bezzina, Prakash C. Viswanathan, Gertie C. M. Beaufort-Krol, Peter J. van Tintelen, Maarten P. van den Berg, Arthur A. M. Wilde and Jeffrey R. Balser

The voltage-sensitive sodium channel is a bell-shaped molecule with several cavities pp. 1047-1051

Chikara Sato, Yutaka Ueno, Kiyoshi Asai, Katsutoshi Takahashi, Masahiko Sato, Andreas Engel and Yoshinori Fujiyoshi

RGS2 regulates signal transduction in olfactory neurons by attenuating activation of adenylyl cyclase III pp. 1051-1055

Srikumar Sinnarajah, Carmen W. Dessauer, Deepa Srikumar, Jun Chen, John Yuen, Solomon Yilma, John C. Dennis, Edward E. Morrison, Vitaly Vodyanoy and John H. Kehrl

Recognition of haemagglutinins on virus-infected cells by NKp46 activates lysis by human NK cells pp. 1055-1060

Ofer Mandelboim, Niva Lieberman, Marianna Lev, Lada Paul, Tal I. Arnon, Yuri Bushkin, Daniel M. Davis, Jack L. Strominger, Jonathan W. Yewdell and Angel Porgador

Identification of CRE1 as a cytokinin receptor from Arabidopsis pp. 1060-1063

Tsutomu Inoue, Masayuki Higuchi, Yukari Hashimoto, Motoaki Seki, Masatomo Kobayashi, Tomohiko Kato, Satoshi Tabata, Kazuo Shinozaki and Tatsuo Kakimoto

cdc2 links the Drosophila cell cycle and asymmetric division machineries pp. 1063-1067

Murni Tio, Gerald Udolph, Xiaohang Yang and William Chia

Opposing effects of Ets and Id proteins on p16INK4a expression during cellular senescence pp. 1067-1070

Naoko Ohtani, Zoe Zebedee, Thomas J. G. Huot, Julie A. Stinson, Masataka Sugimoto, Yasuhiro Ohashi, Andrew D. Sharrocks, Gordon Peters and Eiji Hara

Structural determinants for regulation of phosphodiesterase by a G protein at 2.0 Å pp. 1071-1077

Kevin C. Slep, Michele A. Kercher, Wei He, Christopher W. Cowan, Theodore G. Wensel and Paul B. Sigler

Desperately seeking aliens pp. 1080-1082

Brian W. Aldiss

The habitat and nature of early life pp. 1083-1091

E. G. Nisbet and N. H. Sleep

Life in extreme environments pp. 1092-1101

Lynn J. Rothschild and Rocco L. Mancinelli

Chance and necessity: the evolution of morphological complexity and diversity pp. 1102-1109

Sean B. Carroll

The search for extraterrestrial intelligence pp. 1110-1114

T. L. Wilson

Humans in space pp. 1115-1118

Ronald J. White and Maurice Averner

Where are the dolphins? pp. 1119-1122

Jack Cohen and Ian Stewart

2001, volume 409, articles 6822

Publication of human genomes sparks fresh sequence debate pp. 747-748

Declan Butler

And now for the proteome pp. 747-747

Alison Abbott

Call for tighter controls on transgenic foods pp. 749-749

David Spurgeon

Physicists worried by grant reforms pp. 749-749

David Adam

Reforms woo scientists from mainland China pp. 750-750

David Cyranoski

France and Spain join forces over synchrotron project pp. 750-750

Xavier Bosch

Indian company offers cheap anti-AIDS drugs pp. 751-751

David Dickson

Fears grow over melting permafrost pp. 751-751

Quirin Schiermeier

Back in business pp. 754-755

Sarah Tomlin

Are you ready for the revolution? pp. 758-760

Declan Butler

Skilled eyes are needed to go on studying the richness of the soil pp. 761-761

Henri Andre, Xavier Ducarme, Jo Anderson, David Crossley, Hartmut Koehler, Maurizio Paoletti, David Walter and Philippe Lebrun

Astronomy network will allow every site to shine pp. 761-761

Roland Gredel and Rene Rutten

Semmelweis and the battle against infection pp. 761-761

George Redei

Patents in a genetic age pp. 763-764

Martin Bobrow and Sandy Thomas

The road to the code...and the cast who brought genetics to centre stage pp. 765-766

Jan A. Witkowski

Affairs of the heartless pp. 766-767

Lewis Pyenson

An excavation of the drug myth pp. 767-767

Leslie Iversen

One who created a tempo of his own pp. 768-768

Michael J. Novacek

Talking about the genome pp. 769-769

Horace Freeland Judson

The beanbag lives on pp. 771-771

James F. Crow

A material fix pp. 773-774

Richard P. Wool

Count them all pp. 774-775

Philippe Grangier

The rising cost of bushmeat pp. 775-777

Peter D. Moore

Single-handed cooperation pp. 777-778

Jay S. Siegel

Channel fault in osteopetrosis pp. 778-778

Amanda Tromans

Konrad E. Bloch (1912–2000) pp. 779-779

Howard Goldfine and Dennis E. Vance

Growth of domesticated transgenic fish pp. 781-782

Robert H. Devlin, Carlo A. Biagi, Timothy Y. Yesaki, Duane E. Smailus and John C. Byatt

Is there a simple theory of sonoluminescence? pp. 782-783

S. Putterman, P. G. Evans, G. Vazquez and K. Weninger

Urinary odour preferences in mice pp. 783-784

Anthony R. Isles, Michael J. Baum, Dan Ma, Eric B. Keverne and Nicholas D. Allen

Is there a simple theory of sonoluminescence? pp. 783-783

S. Hilgenfeldt, S. Grossmann and D. Lohse

Nuclear fission modes and fragment mass asymmetries in a five-dimensional deformation space pp. 785-790

P. Möller, D. G. Madland, A. J. Sierk and A. Iwamoto

Experimental violation of a Bell's inequality with efficient detection pp. 791-794

M. A. Rowe, D. Kielpinski, V. Meyer, C. A. Sackett, W. M. Itano, C. Monroe and D. J. Wineland

Autonomic healing of polymer composites pp. 794-797

S. R. White, N. R. Sottos, P. H. Geubelle, J. S. Moore, M. R. Kessler, S. R. Sriram, E. N. Brown and S. Viswanathan

A chiroselective peptide replicator pp. 797-801

Alan Saghatelian, Yohei Yokobayashi, Kathy Soltani and M. Reza Ghadiri

Evidence for non-selective preservation of organic matter in sinking marine particles pp. 801-804

John I. Hedges, Jeffrey A. Baldock, Yves Gélinas, Cindy Lee, Michael Peterson and Stuart G. Wakeham

Interhemispheric climate links revealed by a late-glacial cooling episode in southern Chile pp. 804-808

Patricio I. Moreno, George L. Jacobson, Thomas V. Lowell and George H. Denton

Evidence of recent volcanic activity on the ultraslow-spreading Gakkel ridge pp. 808-812

M. H. Edwards, G. J. Kurras, M. Tolstoy, D. R. Bohnenstiehl, B. J. Coakley and J. R. Cochran

Genome speak pp. 815-815

Peer Bork and Richard Copley

Our genome unveiled pp. 815-816

David Baltimore

Clone by clone by clone pp. 816-818

Maynard V. Olson

Filling in the gaps pp. 818-820

Peer Bork and Richard Copley

Comparing species pp. 820-821

Gerald M. Rubin

From the evolutionary past pp. 821-822

Mark Stoneking

...to a future of genetic medicine pp. 822-823

Aravinda Chakravarti

Guide to the draft human genome pp. 824-826

Tyra G. Wolfsberg, Johanna McEntyre and Gregory D. Schuler

Mining the draft human genome pp. 827-828

Ewan Birney, Alex Bateman, Michele E. Clamp and Tim J. Hubbard

Keeping time with the human genome pp. 829-831

Jonathan D. Clayton, Charalambos P. Kyriacou and Steven M. Reppert

Expressing the human genome pp. 832-833

Rossella Tupler, Giovanni Perini and Michael R. Green

Learning about addiction from the genome pp. 834-835

Eric J. Nestler and David Landsman

A genomic view of immunology pp. 836-838

Aude M. Fahrer, J. Fernando Bazan, Peter Papathanasiou, Keats A. Nelms and Christopher C. Goodnow

A genomic perspective on membrane compartment organization pp. 839-841

Jason B. Bock, Hugo T. Matern, Andrew A. Peden and Richard H. Scheller

Genomics, the cytoskeleton and motility pp. 842-843

Thomas D. Pollard

Can sequencing shed light on cell cycling? pp. 844-846

Andrew W. Murray and Debora Marks

Evolutionary analyses of the human genome pp. 847-849

Wen-Hsiung Li, Zhenglong Gu, Haidong Wang and Anton Nekrutenko

Cancer and genomics pp. 850-852

P. Andrew Futreal, Arek Kasprzyk, Ewan Birney, James C. Mullikin, Richard Wooster and Michael R. Stratton

Human disease genes pp. 853-855

Gerardo Jimenez-Sanchez, Barton Childs and David Valle

Computational comparison of two draft sequences of the human genome pp. 856-859

John Aach, Martha L. Bulyk, George M. Church, Jason Comander, Adnan Derti and Jay Shendure

Experimental annotation of the human genome using microarray technology pp. 922-927

D. D. Shoemaker, E. E. Schadt, C. D. Armour, Y. D. He, P. Garrett-Engele, P. D. McDonagh, P. M. Loerch, A. Leonardson, P. Y. Lum, G. Cavet, L. F. Wu, S. J. Altschuler, S. Edwards, J. King, J. S. Tsang, G. Schimmack, J. M. Schelter, J. Koch, M. Ziman, M. J. Marton, B. Li, P. Cundiff, T. Ward, J. Castle, M. Krolewski, M. R. Meyer, M. Mao, J. Burchard, M. J. Kidd, H. Dai, J. W. Phillips, P. S. Linsley, R. Stoughton, S. Scherer and M. S. Boguski

The physical maps for sequencing human chromosomes 1, 6, 9, 10, 13, 20 and X pp. 942-943

D. R. Bentley, P. Deloukas, A. Dunham, L. French, S. G. Gregory, S. J. Humphray, A. J. Mungall, M. T. Ross, N. P. Carter, I. Dunham, C. E. Scott, K. J. Ashcroft, A. L. Atkinson, K. Aubin, D. M. Beare, G. Bethel, N. Brady, J. C. Brook, D. C. Burford, W. D. Burrill, C. Burrows, A. P. Butler, C. Carder, J. J. Catanese, C. M. Clee, S. M. Clegg, V. Cobley, A. J. Coffey, C. G. Cole, J. E. Collins, J. S. Conquer, R. A. Cooper, K. M. Culley, E. Dawson, F. L. Dearden, R. M. Durbin, P. J. de Jong, P. D. Dhami, M. E. Earthrowl, C. A. Edwards, R. S. Evans, C. J. Gillson, J. Ghori, L. Green, R. Gwilliam, K. S. Halls, S. Hammond, G. L. Harper, R. W. Heathcott, J. L. Holden, E. Holloway, B. L. Hopkins, P. J. Howard, G. R. Howell, E. J. Huckle, J. Hughes, P. J. Hunt, S. E. Hunt, M. Izmajlowicz, C. A. Jones, S. S. Joseph, G. Laird, C. F. Langford, M. H. Lehvaslaiho, M. A. Leversha, O. T. McCann, L. M. McDonald, J. McDowall, G. L. Maslen, D. Mistry, N. K. Moschonas, V. Neocleous, D. M. Pearson, K. J. Phillips, K. M. Porter, S. R. Prathalingam, Y. H. Ramsey, S. A. Ranby, C. M. Rice, J. Rogers, L. J. Rogers, T. Sarafidou, D. J. Scott, G. J. Sharp, C. J. Shaw-Smith, L. J. Smink, C. Soderlund, E. C. Sotheran, H. E. Steingruber, J. E. Sulston, A. Taylor, R. G. Taylor, A. A. Thorpe, E. Tinsley, G. L. Warry, A. Whittaker, P. Whittaker, S. H. Williams, T. E. Wilmer, R. Wooster and C. L. Wright

A physical map of the human Y chromosome pp. 943-945

Charles A. Tilford, Tomoko Kuroda-Kawaguchi, Helen Skaletsky, Steve Rozen, Laura G. Brown, Michael Rosenberg, John D. McPherson, Kristine Wylie, Mandeep Sekhon, Tamara A. Kucaba, Robert H. Waterston and David C. Page

A high-resolution map of human chromosome 12 pp. 945-946

Kate T. Montgomery, Eunice Lee, Ashley Miller, Stephanie Lau, Cecilia Shim, Jeremy Decker, Denise Chiu, Suzanne Emerling, Mandeep Sekhon, Rachel Kim, Jack Lenz, Jinghua Han, Ilya Ioshikhes, Beatrice Renault, Ivonne Marondel, Sung-Joo Kim Yoon, Kyuyoung Song, V. V. V. S. Murty, Steven Scherer, Raluca Yonescu, Ilan R. Kirsch, Thomas Ried, John McPherson, Richard Gibbs and Raju Kucherlapati

A physical map of human chromosome 14 pp. 947-948

Thomas Brüls, Gabor Gyapay, Jean-Louis Petit, François Artiguenave, Virginie Vico, Shizen Qin, Aye Mon Tin-Wollam, Corinne Da Silva, Delphine Muselet, Delphine Mavel, Eric Pelletier, Michael Levy, Asao Fujiyama, Fumihiko Matsuda, Richard Wilson, Lee Rowen, Leroy Hood, Jean Weissenbach, William Saurin and Roland Heilig

Integration of telomere sequences with the draft human genome sequence pp. 948-951

H. C. Riethman, Z. Xiang, S. Paul, E. Morse, X.-L. Hu, J. Flint, H.-C. Chi, D. L. Grady and R. K. Moyzis

Comparison of human genetic and sequence-based physical maps pp. 951-953

Adong Yu, Chengfeng Zhao, Ying Fan, Wonhee Jang, Andrew J. Mungall, Panos Deloukas, Anne Olsen, Norman A. Doggett, Nader Ghebranious, Karl W. Broman and James L. Weber

Integration of cytogenetic landmarks into the draft sequence of the human genome pp. 953-958

The BAC Resource Consortium, V. G. Cheung, N. Nowak, W. Jang, I. R. Kirsch, S. Zhao, X.-N. Chen, T. S. Furey, U.-J. Kim, W.-L. Kuo, M. Olivier, J. Conroy, A. Kasprzyk, H. Massa, R. Yonescu, S. Sait, C. Thoreen, A. Snijders, E. Lemyre, J. A. Bailey, A. Bruzel, W. D. Burrill, S. M. Clegg, S. Collins, P. Dhami, C. Friedman, C. S. Han, S. Herrick, J. Lee, A. H. Ligon, S. Lowry, M. Morley, S. Narasimhan, K. Osoegawa, Z. Peng, I. Plajzer-Frick, B. J. Quade, D. Scott, K. Sirotkin, A. A. Thorpe, J. W. Gray, J. Hudson, D. Pinkel, T. Ried, L. Rowen, G. L. Shen-Ong, R. L. Strausberg, E. Birney, D. F. Callen, J.-F. Cheng, D. R. Cox, N. A. Doggett, N. P. Carter, E. E. Eichler, D. Haussler, J. R. Korenberg, C. C. Morton, D. Albertson, G. Schuler, P. J. de Jong and B. J. Trask

Following the growth of data pp. 961-961

Potter Wickware

Labs and companies seek their niches as work continues after the draft pp. 961-963

Potter Wickware and Paul Smaglik

Who makes the best bioinformaticians? pp. 963-963

Paul Smaglik

Current role suggests the shape of future work opportunities pp. 963-964

Helen Gavaghan

Tips for sequence centre job-seekers pp. 964-964

Helen Gavaghan

Biology moves into the silicon stage pp. 964-964

Helen Gavaghan

2001, volume 409, articles 6821

Japan's ape sequencing effort set to unravel the brain's secrets pp. 651-652

David Cyranoski

Science 'in crisis' says commission pp. 651-651

Irwin Goodwin

Japanese premier underlines opposition to human cloning pp. 652-652

David Cyranoski

Italian biologists left out in the cold pp. 652-652

Alison Abbott

Germany targets international talent pp. 652-652

Quirin Schiermeier

Greek plutonium haul raises smuggling fears pp. 653-653

Quirin Schiermeier

Top research universities face up to gender bias pp. 653-653

Steve Nadis

India struggles to cope with IT brain drain pp. 654-654

K. S. Jayaraman

NASA celebrates as spacecraft homes in on asteroid pp. 654-654

William Triplett

Australian leader pledges research boost before election pp. 655-655

Peter Pockley

Tissue donations slump after revelations about misuse pp. 655-655

David Adam

Testing times for BSE pp. 658-659

Quirin Schiermeier

In search of a cure for CJD pp. 660-661

Clare Thompson

Leaders need to realize that science can offer a route out of poverty pp. 662-662

Germán Poveda

Secret behind Hungary's stellar intellects pp. 662-662

Leon Eisenberg

Why didn't flood of print launch science in China? pp. 662-662

P. -L. Chau

Fit for the seven-league boots pp. 663-664

Richard White

Taxonomy and the blues pp. 664-665

James Mallet

Crash, bang, wallop pp. 665-666

Bernard Richardson

Science in culture pp. 666-666

Martin Kemp

Gained in the translation pp. 667-667

Scott L. Montgomery

The big picture pp. 669-669

Sean B. Carroll

The dark side of aerosols pp. 671-672

Meinrat O. Andreae

Dialogue between muscle and fat pp. 672-673

Morris J. Birnbaum

The age of the Universe pp. 673-675

Christopher Sneden

Infectious speciation pp. 675-677

Michael J. Wade

The day the solar wind nearly died pp. 677-679

Mike Lockwood

A macho way to make muscles pp. 679-680

Olivier Pourquié

Dominant rams lose out by sperm depletion pp. 681-682

Brian T. Preston, Ian R. Stevenson, Josephine M. Pemberton and Kenneth Wilson

Transgenic crops in natural habitats pp. 682-683

M. J. Crawley, S. L. Brown, R. S. Hails, D. D. Kohn and M. Rees

Nanoscale control of chain polymerization pp. 683-684

Yuji Okawa and Masakazu Aono

View of a mouse clock gene ticking pp. 684-684

Shun Yamaguchi, Masaki Kobayashi, Shigeru Mitsui, Yoshiki Ishida, Gijsbertus T. J. van der Horst, Misao Suzuki, Shigenobu Shibata and Hitoshi Okamura

Measurement of stellar age from uranium decay pp. 691-692

R. Cayrel, V. Hill, T. C. Beers, B. Barbuy, M. Spite, F. Spite, B. Plez, J. Andersen, P. Bonifacio, P. François, P. Molaro, B. Nordström and F. Primas

Generic mechanism for generating a liquid–liquid phase transition pp. 692-695

Giancarlo Franzese, Gianpietro Malescio, Anna Skibinsky, Sergey V. Buldyrev and H. Eugene Stanley

Strong radiative heating due to the mixing state of black carbon in atmospheric aerosols pp. 695-697

Mark Z. Jacobson

Tropical climate changes at millennial and orbital timescales on the Bolivian Altiplano pp. 698-701

Paul A. Baker, Catherine A. Rigsby, Geoffrey O. Seltzer, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Tim K. Lowenstein, Niklas P. Bacher and Carlos Veliz

Upper-mantle dynamics revealed by helium isotope variations along the southeast Indian ridge pp. 701-703

D. W. Graham, J. E. Lupton, F. J. Spera and D. M. Christie

Complete mitochondrial genome sequences of two extinct moas clarify ratite evolution pp. 704-707

Alan Cooper, Carles Lalueza-Fox, Simon Anderson, Andrew Rambaut, Jeremy Austin and Ryk Ward

Wolbachia-induced incompatibility precedes other hybrid incompatibilities in Nasonia pp. 707-710

Seth R. Bordenstein, F. Patrick O'Hara and John H. Werren

Evolutionary radiations and convergences in the structural organization of mammalian brains pp. 710-714

Willem de Winter and Charles E. Oxnard

Neurons derived from radial glial cells establish radial units in neocortex pp. 714-720

Stephen C. Noctor, Alexander C. Flint, Tamily A. Weissman, Ryan S. Dammerman and Arnold R. Kriegstein

The gating mechanism of the large mechanosensitive channel MscL pp. 720-724

Sergei Sukharev, Monica Betanzos, Chien-Sung Chiang and H. Robert Guy

macho-1 encodes a localized mRNA in ascidian eggs that specifies muscle fate during embryogenesis pp. 724-729

Hiroki Nishida and Kaichiro Sawada

Adipose-selective targeting of the GLUT4 gene impairs insulin action in muscle and liver pp. 729-733

E. Dale Abel, Odile Peroni, Jason K. Kim, Young-Bum Kim, Olivier Boss, Ed Hadro, Timo Minnemann, Gerald I. Shulman and Barbara B. Kahn

Negative regulation of T-cell activation and autoimmunity by Mgat5 N-glycosylation pp. 733-739

Michael Demetriou, Maria Granovsky, Sue Quaggin and James W. Dennis

Crystal structure of photosystem II from Synechococcus elongatus at 3.8 Å resolution pp. 739-743

Athina Zouni, Horst-Tobias Witt, Jan Kern, Petra Fromme, Norbert Krauss, Wolfram Saenger and Peter Orth

Correction: Language trees support the express-train sequence of Austronesian expansion pp. 743-743

Russell D. Gray and Fiona M. Jordan

Correction: Warm-coding deficits and aberrant inflammatory pain in mice lacking P2X3 pp. 743-743

Veronika Souslova, Paolo Cesare, Yanning Ding, Armen N. Akoplan, Louise Stanfa, Rie Suzuki, Katherine Carpenter, Daniela Nebenius-Oosthuizen, Andrew J. H. Smith, Emma J. Kidd and John N. Wood

Erratum: The protein–protein interaction map of Helicobacter pylori pp. 743-743

Jean-Christophe Rain, Luc Selig, Hilde De Reuse, Véronique Battaglia, Céline Reverdy, Stéphane Simon, Gerlinde Lenzen, Fabien Petel, Jérôme Wojcik, Vincent Schächter, Y. Chemama, Agnès Labigne and Pierre Legrain

2001, volume 409, articles 6820

Ethics watchdog to oversee drugs trials in Third World pp. 547-547

Matthew Davis

Hughes institute will put down roots to develop research tools pp. 547-548

Colin Macilwain

Weapons labs escape FBI action pp. 548-548

Irwin Goodwin

Journal will publish accused scientist's work pp. 548-548

Rex Dalton

Canada pours funds into health research pp. 549-549

David Spurgeon

BSE crisis sinks German public biotech programme pp. 549-549

Regina Krammer

Poor coordination 'wastes US research into global change' pp. 550-550

Mark Schrope

Bank raids malaria centre in dispute over landlord's debt pp. 550-550

Xavier Bosch

Designer rice to combat diet deficiencies makes its debut pp. 551-551

Quirin Schiermeier

Commercial sector scores success with whole rice genome pp. 551-551

David Dickson and David Cyranoski

Taming Africa's killer lake pp. 554-555

Tom Clarke

Digital history pp. 556-557

Alison Abbott

Changing patent laws could be a healthy move to combat resistance pp. 558-558

Terry Nicholls

We need both computer models and experiments pp. 558-558

Daniel Fischer, David Baker and John Moult

Why Pauling didn't solve the structure of DNA pp. 558-558

Jim Lake

Food for thought... and action pp. 559-560

Dick Taverne

Getting the point across pp. 560-561

John Galloway

Legacy of a flying tamping iron pp. 561-562

Ian Glynn

Science in culture pp. 562-562

Alison Abbott

Back to the future from 1888 pp. 563-563

Howard P. Segal

A never-ending story pp. 565-565

Peter D. Moore

Fusion needs more than SNAREs pp. 567-568

Wolfhard Almers

That sinking feeling pp. 569-571

Michael P. Brenner and Peter J. Mucha

Silent genes given voice pp. 571-572

Athel Cornish-Bowden and María Luz Cárdenas

A laser that turns down the heat pp. 572-573

Garry Rumbles

Pumping DNA pp. 573-575

Edward H. Egelman

Ultrafast colour displays pp. 575-576

Michael Grätzel

The Rossby rototiller pp. 576-577

David A. Siegel

Targeted delivery of nitric oxide pp. 577-578

Steven S. Gross

A fern that hyperaccumulates arsenic pp. 579-579

Lena Q. Ma, Kenneth M. Komar, Cong Tu, Weihua Zhang, Yong Cai and Elizabeth D. Kennelley

Superior auditory spatial tuning in conductors pp. 580-580

Thomas F. Münte, Christine Kohlmetz, Wido Nager and Eckart Altenmüller

Trans-complex formation by proteolipid channels in the terminal phase of membrane fusion pp. 581-588

Christopher Peters, Martin J. Bayer, Susanne Bühler, Jens S. Andersen, Matthias Mann and Andreas Mayer

Rapid collisional evolution of comets during the formation of the Oort cloud pp. 589-591

S. Alan Stern and Paul R. Weissman

Two coexisting vortex phases in the peak effect regime in a superconductor pp. 591-594

M. Marchevsky, M. J. Higgins and S. Bhattacharya

An effective gravitational temperature for sedimentation pp. 594-597

P. N. Segrè, F. Liu, P. Umbanhowar and D. A. Weitz

Pumping of nutrients to ocean surface waters by the action of propagating planetary waves pp. 597-600

B. Mete Uz, James A. Yoder and Vladimir Osychny

Aerogeophysical measurements of collapse-prone hydrothermally altered zones at Mount Rainier volcano pp. 600-603

Carol A. Finn, Thomas W. Sisson and Maryla Deszcz-Pan

Unexpected diversity of small eukaryotes in deep-sea Antarctic plankton pp. 603-607

Purificación López-García, Francisco Rodríguez-Valera, Carlos Pedrós-Alió and David Moreira

Oceanic 18S rDNA sequences from picoplankton reveal unsuspected eukaryotic diversity pp. 607-610

Seung Yeo Moon- van der Staay, Rupert De Wachter and Daniel Vaulot

Parallel adaptive radiations in two major clades of placental mammals pp. 610-614

Ole Madsen, Mark Scally, Christophe J. Douady, Diana J. Kao, Ronald W. DeBry, Ronald Adkins, Heather M. Amrine, Michael J. Stanhope, Wilfried W. de Jong and Mark S. Springer

Molecular phylogenetics and the origins of placental mammals pp. 614-618

William J. Murphy, Eduardo Eizirik, Warren E. Johnson, Ya Ping Zhang, Oliver A. Ryder and Stephen J. O'Brien

Horsetails and ferns are a monophyletic group and the closest living relatives to seed plants pp. 618-622

Kathleen M. Pryer, Harald Schneider, Alan R. Smith, Raymond Cranfill, Paul G. Wolf, Jeffrey S. Hunt and Sedonia D. Sipes

Export by red blood cells of nitric oxide bioactivity pp. 622-626

John R. Pawloski, Douglas T. Hess and Jonathan S. Stamler

Scabrous complexes with Notch to mediate boundary formation pp. 626-630

Patricia A. Powell, Cedric Wesley, Susan Spencer and Ross L. Cagan

Polarity controls forces governing asymmetric spindle positioning in the Caenorhabditis elegans embryo pp. 630-633

Stephan W. Grill, Pierre Gönczy, Ernst H. K. Stelzer and Anthony A. Hyman

Normal human mammary epithelial cells spontaneously escape senescence and acquire genomic changes pp. 633-637

Serguei R. Romanov, B. Krystyna Kozakiewicz, Charles R. Holst, Martha R. Stampfer, Larisa M. Haupt and Thea D. Tlsty

The bacterial conjugation protein TrwB resembles ring helicases and F1-ATPase pp. 637-641

F. Xavier Gomis-Rüth, Gabriel Moncalián, Rosa Pérez-Luque, Ana González, Elena Cabezón, Fernando de la Cruz and Miquel Coll

Three key residues form a critical contact network in a protein folding transition state pp. 641-645

Michele Vendruscolo, Emanuele Paci, Christopher M. Dobson and Martin Karplus

Erratum A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA pp. 646-646

Hiroaki Hemmi, Osamu Takeuchi, Taro Kawai, Tsuneyasu Kaisho, Shintaro Sato, Hideki Sanjo, Makoto Matsumoto, Katsuaki Hoshino, Hermann Wagner, Kiyoshi Takeda and Shizuo Akira

2001, volume 409, articles 6819

Italians drop beef as first cow tests positive pp. 441-441

Sergio Pistoi

Agencies face uphill battle to keep United States free of BSE pp. 441-442

Meredith Wadman

Students fuzzy about the future pp. 442-442

Mark Schrope

Public have right to see data from all gene trials, says FDA pp. 442-442

Paul Smaglik

Animal-rights protests raise calls for UK government move pp. 443-443

Georgina Kenyon

Max Planck Society broke pledge to ask Jews back after war pp. 443-443

Vera Bettenworth and Alison Abbott

Health and energy chiefs sail through Senate pp. 444-444

Matthew Davis and Irwin Goodwin

Canadian minister keeps researchers guessing pp. 444-444

David Spurgeon

Stem-cell research to start in Britain pp. 445-445

David Dickson

Assessment ups the ante on climate change pp. 445-445

Quirin Schiermeier

Demand for physicists on the rise pp. 445-445

Alison Abbott

Bringing supernovae down to Earth pp. 448-450

Alexander Hellemans

The brain in Spain pp. 451-451

Xavier Bosch and Alison Abbott

European researchers encourage improvement in lab animal welfare pp. 452-452

Bert van Zutphen

Users must help to keep public databases correct pp. 452-452

Francis Ouellette

The long-term answer: fight fire with research pp. 452-452

Thomas J. Mills and Ariel E. Lugo

Memoirs of a reluctant cult figure pp. 453-454

Crispin Tickell

Floral tributes for a treasure reclaimed pp. 454-455

Ryan J. Huxtable

From chemistry to cordon bleu pp. 455-456

Etienne Guyon

Science in culture pp. 456-456

Martin Kemp

The suspense of strangeness pp. 457-457

Maurice Riordan

Natural progression pp. 459-459

Steven A. Benner

Stopping light in its tracks pp. 461-462

Eric A. Cornell

Giant giants or dwarf dwarfs? pp. 462-463

Alan P. Boss

Gastrogenomics pp. 463-465

Jonathan A. Eisen

The age of river carbon pp. 466-467

Wolfgang Ludwig

Activity at the active zone pp. 467-467

Lesley Anson

Walking on other planets pp. 467-469

Alberto E. Minetti

Floral quartets pp. 469-471

Günter Theißen and Heinz Saedler

Watching an atom tunnel pp. 471-472

Ali Yazdani

A new code for axons pp. 472-473

Guy Tear

Sperm and mammalian polarity pp. 473-474

Roger A. Pedersen

Watching fights raises fish hormone levels pp. 475-475

Rui F. Oliveira, Marco Lopes, Luis A. Carneiro and Adelino V. M. Canário

Screening slaughtered cattle for BSE pp. 476-478

J. P. Deslys, E. Comoy, S. Hawkins, S. Simon, H. Schimmel, G. Wells, J. Grassi and J. Moynagh

Light-emitting diodes as chemical sensors pp. 476-476

Albena Ivanisevic, Jeng-Ya Yeh, Luke Mawst, Thomas F. Kuech and Arthur B. Ellis

Gene capture in archaeal chromosomes pp. 478-478

Qunxin She, Xu Peng, Wolfram Zillig and Roger A. Garrett

The architecture of active zone material at the frog's neuromuscular junction pp. 479-484

Mark L. Harlow, David Ress, Arne Stoschek, Robert M. Marshall and Uel J. McMahan

Dynamos in asymptotic-giant-branch stars as the origin of magnetic fields shaping planetary nebulae pp. 485-487

Eric G. Blackman, Adam Frank, J. Andrew Markiel, John H. Thomas and Hugh M. Van Horn

Geochemical evidence for magmatic water within Mars from pyroxenes in the Shergotty meteorite pp. 487-490

Harry Y. McSween, Timothy L. Grove, Rachel C. F. Lentz, Jesse C. Dann, Astrid H. Holzheid, Lee R. Riciputi and Jeffrey G. Ryan

Observation of coherent optical information storage in an atomic medium using halted light pulses pp. 490-493

Chien Liu, Zachary Dutton, Cyrus H. Behroozi and Lene Vestergaard Hau

Formation cross-sections of singlet and triplet excitons in π-conjugated polymers pp. 494-497

M. Wohlgenannt, Kunj Tandon, S. Mazumdar, S. Ramasesha and Z. V. Vardeny

Riverine export of aged terrestrial organic matter to the North Atlantic Ocean pp. 497-500

Peter A. Raymond and James E. Bauer

Geochemical evidence for the melting of subducting oceanic lithosphere at plate edges pp. 500-504

G. M. Yogodzinski, J. M. Lees, T. G. Churikova, F. Dorendorf, G. Wöerner and O. N. Volynets

A bizarre predatory dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar pp. 504-506

Scott D. Sampson, Matthew T. Carrano and Catherine A. Forster

Archaeal dominance in the mesopelagic zone of the Pacific Ocean pp. 507-510

Markus B. Karner, Edward F. DeLong and David M. Karl

Testing Hamilton's rule with competition between relatives pp. 510-513

Stuart A. West, Martyn G. Murray, Carlos A. Machado, Ashleigh S. Griffin and Edward Allen Herre

Reduced antinociception and plasma extravasation in mice lacking a neuropeptide Y receptor pp. 513-517

Philippe Naveilhan, Hessameh Hassani, Guilherme Lucas, Karin Hygge Blakeman, Jing-Xia Hao, Xiao-Jun Xu, Zsuzsanna Wiesenfeld-Hallin, Peter Thorén and Patrik Ernfors

Role for sperm in spatial patterning of the early mouse embryo pp. 517-521

Karolina Piotrowska and Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz

Adherens junctions inhibit asymmetric division in the Drosophila epithelium pp. 522-525

Bingwei Lu, Fabrice Roegiers, Lily Y. Jan and Yuh Nung Jan

Complexes of MADS-box proteins are sufficient to convert leaves into floral organs pp. 525-529

Takashi Honma and Koji Goto

Genome sequence of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 pp. 529-533

Nicole T. Perna, Guy Plunkett, Valerie Burland, Bob Mau, Jeremy D. Glasner, Debra J. Rose, George F. Mayhew, Peter S. Evans, Jason Gregor, Heather A. Kirkpatrick, György Pósfai, Jeremiah Hackett, Sara Klink, Adam Boutin, Ying Shao, Leslie Miller, Erik J. Grotbeck, N. Wayne Davis, Alex Lim, Eileen T. Dimalanta, Konstantinos D. Potamousis, Jennifer Apodaca, Thomas S. Anantharaman, Jieyi Lin, Galex Yen, David C. Schwartz, Rodney A. Welch and Frederick R. Blattner

Genomic binding sites of the yeast cell-cycle transcription factors SBF and MBF pp. 533-538

Vishwanath R. Iyer, Christine E. Horak, Charles S. Scafe, David Botstein, Michael Snyder and Patrick O. Brown

Arrangement of RNA and proteins in the spliceosomal U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle pp. 539-542

Holger Stark, Prakash Dube, Reinhard Lührmann and Berthold Kastner

addendum: A one-hit model of cell death in inherited neuronal degenerations pp. 542-542

G. Clarke, R. A. Collins, B. R. Leavitt, D. F. Andrews, M. R. Hayden, C. J. Lumsden and R. R. McInnes

Correction: Kainate receptors are involved in synaptic plasticity pp. 542-542

Zuner A. Bortolotto, Vernon R. J. Clarke, Caroline M. Delany, Michael C. Parry, Ilse Smolders, Michel Vignes, Ken H. Ho, Peter Miu, Bradford T. Brinton, Robert Fantaske, Ann Ogden, Mary Gates, Paul L. Ornstein, David Lodge, David Bleakman and Graham L. Collingridge

Correction: Error and attack tolerance of complex networks pp. 542-542

Réka Albert, Hawoong Jeong and Albert-László Barabasi

2001, volume 409, articles 6818

Biotech sector still looking lively pp. 271-271

Sally Lehrman

Harvard to spend 'hundreds of millions' on further expansion pp. 271-271

Rex Dalton

Japanese legume project may help to fix nitrogen problem pp. 272-272

David Cyranoski

South Africa reveals funding allocations for research pp. 272-272

Michael Cherry

Group urges survey of antibiotics in animals pp. 273-273

Meredith Wadman

French museum report sparks researchers' revolt pp. 273-273

Declan Butler

Genes may solve hormone-disrupter debate pp. 274-274

Robert Triendl

Spanish leader lends ear to science pp. 274-274

Xavier Bosch

CNN founder launches arms control initiative pp. 275-275

Irwin Goodwin

BSE fallout sends shock waves through Germany pp. 275-275

Alison Abbott

Polio's last stand pp. 278-280

Tom Clarke

... and senior staff say there's no problem pp. 281-281

S. K. Sopory

Funding assured for India's international biotechnology centre pp. 281-281

Adolfo R. Taylhardat and Arturo Falaschi

Doing our best for returners to Spain pp. 281-281

Carme Picallo

Difficulty in reconciling global-warming data pp. 281-281

S. Fred Singer

How Maxwell made his mark pp. 283-284

Scott Walter

Not so crazy after all pp. 284-284

Dylan Evans

A book that rocked the Victorian world pp. 285-285

David Oldroyd

The birth of scientific reading pp. 287-287

Adrian Johns

The key to the past? pp. 289-289

Richard B. Alley

Talk is cheap in the city pp. 291-292

Henry L. Bertoni

The missing link with obesity? pp. 292-293

Jeffrey S. Flier

New prospects for old gas pp. 293-295

Bernard Marty

Diced defence pp. 295-296

David Baulcombe

Pulsars crash the magnetar party pp. 297-299

Jim Cordes

Speciation in the round pp. 299-300

David B. Wake

Cats, dogs and categories pp. 300-300

Hemai Parthasarathy

Order and oddities pp. 300-301

Srikanth Sastry

Louis Néel (1904–2000) pp. 302-302

Michael Coey

A viable herd of genetically uniform cattle pp. 303-303

P. M. Visscher, D. Smith, S. J. G. Hall and J. L. Williams

Topology of two-dimensional C60 domains pp. 304-305

J. G. Hou, Yang Jinlong, Wang Haiqian, Li Qunxiang, Zeng Changgan, Yuan Lanfeng, Wang Bing, D. M. Chen and Zhu Qingshi

Self-recognition and the right hemisphere pp. 305-305

Julian Paul Keenan, Aaron Nelson, Margaret O'Connor and Alvaro Pascual-Leone

Life, geology and snowball Earth pp. 306-306

Daniel P. Schrag and Paul F. Hoffman

Life, geology and snowball Earth pp. 306-306

William T. Hyde, Thomas J. Crowley, Steven K. Baum and W. Richard Peltier

The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes pp. 307-312

Claire M. Steppan, Shannon T. Bailey, Savitha Bhat, Elizabeth J. Brown, Ronadip R. Banerjee, Christopher M. Wright, Hiralben R. Patel, Rexford S. Ahima and Mitchell A. Lazar

Non-detection at Venus of high-frequency radio signals characteristic of terrestrial lightning pp. 313-315

D. A. Gurnett, P. Zarka, R. Manning, W. S. Kurth, G. B. Hospodarsky, T. F. Averkamp, M. L. Kaiser and W. M. Farrell

Tripling the capacity of wireless communications using electromagnetic polarization pp. 316-318

Michael R. Andrews, Partha P. Mitra and Robert deCarvalho

Relationship between structural order and the anomalies of liquid water pp. 318-321

Jeffrey R. Errington and Pablo G. Debenedetti

Transparent nematic phase in a liquid-crystal-based microemulsion pp. 321-325

Jun Yamamoto and Hajime Tanaka

Increased thermohaline stratification as a possible cause for an ocean anoxic event in the Cretaceous period pp. 325-327

Jochen Erbacher, Brian T. Huber, Richard D. Norris and Molly Markey

300-Myr-old magmatic CO2 in natural gas reservoirs of the west Texas Permian basin pp. 327-331

Chris J. Ballentine, Martin Schoell, Dennis Coleman and Bruce A. Cain

The electric Moho pp. 331-333

Alan G. Jones and Ian J. Ferguson

Speciation in a ring pp. 333-337

Darren E. Irwin, Staffan Bensch and Trevor D. Price

Three-butterfly system provides a field test of müllerian mimicry pp. 338-340

Durrell D. Kapan

Identification of a receptor mediating Nogo-66 inhibition of axonal regeneration pp. 341-346

Alyson E. Fournier, Tadzia GrandPre and Stephen M. Strittmatter

Maize yellow stripe1 encodes a membrane protein directly involved in Fe(III) uptake pp. 346-349

Catherine Curie, Zivile Panaviene, Clarisse Loulergue, Stephen L. Dellaporta, Jean-Francois Briat and Elsbeth L. Walker

CD45 is a JAK phosphatase and negatively regulates cytokine receptor signalling pp. 349-354

Junko Irie-Sasaki, Takehiko Sasaki, Wataru Matsumoto, Anne Opavsky, Mary Cheng, Grant Welstead, Emily Griffiths, Connie Krawczyk, Christopher D. Richardson, Karen Aitken, Norman Iscove, Gary Koretzky, Pauline Johnson, Peter Liu, David M. Rothstein and Josef M. Penninger

MAD2 haplo-insufficiency causes premature anaphase and chromosome instability in mammalian cells pp. 355-359

Loren S. Michel, Vasco Liberal, Anupam Chatterjee, Regina Kirchwegger, Boris Pasche, William Gerald, Max Dobles, Peter K. Sorger, V. V. V. S. Murty and Robert Benezra

Pre-meiotic S phase is linked to reductional chromosome segregation and recombination pp. 359-363

Yoshinori Watanabe, Shihori Yokobayashi, Masayuki Yamamoto and Paul Nurse

Role for a bidentate ribonuclease in the initiation step of RNA interference pp. 363-366

Emily Bernstein, Amy A. Caudy, Scott M. Hammond and Gregory J. Hannon

A model for SOS-lesion-targeted mutations in Escherichia coli pp. 366-370

Phuong Pham, Jeffrey G. Bertram, Mike O'Donnell, Roger Woodgate and Myron F. Goodman

χ-Sequence recognition and DNA translocation by single RecBCD helicase/nuclease molecules pp. 370-374

Kathleen M. Dohoney and Jeff Gelles

Processive translocation and DNA unwinding by individual RecBCD enzyme molecules pp. 374-378

Piero R. Bianco, Laurence R. Brewer, Michele Corzett, Rod Balhorn, Yin Yeh, Stephen C. Kowalczykowski and Ronald J. Baskin

Crystal structure of the transcription activator BmrR bound to DNA and a drug pp. 378-382

Ekaterina E. Zheleznova Heldwein and Richard G. Brennan

Erratum: Memory B-cell persistence is independent of persisting immunizing antigen pp. 382-382

Mitsuo Maruyama, Kong-Peng Lam and Klaus Rajewsky

Correction: Halocarbons produced by natural oxidation processes during degradation of organic matter pp. 382-382

F. Keppler, R. Eiden, V. Niedan, J. Pracht and H. F. Schöler

Vision things pp. 385-385

Philip Campbell

Synthesizing life pp. 387-390

Jack W. Szostak, David P. Bartel and P. Luigi Luisi

Modelling cellular behaviour pp. 391-395

Drew Endy and Roger Brent

Pasteur's Quadrant and malnutrition pp. 397-401

George L. Blackburn

Actions from thoughts pp. 403-407

Miguel A. L. Nicolelis

The relationship between matter and life pp. 409-411

Rodney Brooks

Life's lessons in design pp. 413-416

Philip Ball

Earth systems engineering and management pp. 417-420

Stephen H. Schneider

Geoengineering pp. 420-420

David W. Keith

Interfering for the good of a chemical reaction pp. 422-426

Stuart A. Rice

Future optical and infrared telescopes pp. 427-430

Roger Angel

New physics with the Compact Linear Collider pp. 431-435

John Ellis and Ian Wilson

2001, volume 409, articles 6817

Scepticism greets claims that uranium shells cause leukaemia pp. 121-121

Quirin Schiermeier

Dye dispute leans Amersham's way pp. 121-121

Declan Butler

Overseas investors plan six 'world class' universities in India pp. 122-122

K. S. Jayaraman

Bush targets space-based missile defence system pp. 122-122

Irwin Goodwin

Canadian astronomers mount lobby effort pp. 123-123

Steve Nadis

Scientists unimpressed by Australia's funding plan pp. 123-123

Peter Pockley

US to take temperature of mercury threat pp. 124-124

Mark Schrope

Hunt for Earth-like planets edges towards launch pad pp. 124-124

Tony Reichhardt

Moderate takes key science role in Congress pp. 125-125

Colin Macilwain

Biologists crusade for evolution pp. 125-125

Rex Dalton

Save our Swamp pp. 128-130

Mark Schrope

Sensitive development could protect Amazonia instead of destroying it pp. 131-131

Georgia Carvalho, Ana Cristina Barros, Paulo Moutinho and Daniel Nepstad

Did agriculture reduce human lifespan? pp. 131-131

Narendra G. Mehta

Tool tests challenge chimpanzees pp. 133-133

Andrew Whiten

Blazing a trail that led to the Moon pp. 133-135

David W. Hughes

The psychological toll of battle pp. 135-136

Hugh Freeman

Glistering glory and solid economies pp. 136-136

Anthony Vice

You can't have it all pp. 137-137

Neil S. Greenspan

Food, song and speciation pp. 139-140

Michael J. Ryan

The dark cradles of stars pp. 140-141

Bo Reipurth

Haemoglobin scavenger pp. 141-141

Carina Dennis

Death and methylation pp. 141-143

Peter A. Jones

In the beginning pp. 144-145

Alex N. Halliday

Small cells, big issues pp. 145-147

Skip Brass

Glacial hiccups pp. 147-148

Didier Paillard

An enzymic 'latch' on a global carbon store pp. 149-149

Chris Freeman, Nick Ostle and Hojeong Kang

Cross-modal plasticity and cochlear implants pp. 149-150

Dong Soo Lee, Jae Sung Lee, Seung Ha Oh, Seok-Ki Kim, Jeung-Whoon Kim, June-Key Chung, Myung Chul Lee and Chong Sun Kim

Networks of nanotubes and containers pp. 150-152

Anders Karlsson, Roger Karlsson, Mattias Karlsson, Ann-Sofie Cans, Anette Strömberg, Frida Ryttsén and Owe Orwar

Worms start the reef-building process pp. 152-152

J. R. M. Chisholm and R. Kelley

Rapid changes of glacial climate simulated in a coupled climate model pp. 153-158

Andrey Ganopolski and Stefan Rahmstorf

Internal structure of a cold dark molecular cloud inferred from the extinction of background starlight pp. 159-161

João F. Alves, Charles J. Lada and Elizabeth A. Lada

Quantum metallicity in a two-dimensional insulator pp. 161-164

V. Yu. Butko and P. W. Adams

The relationship between fragility, configurational entropy and the potential energy landscape of glass-forming liquids pp. 164-167

Srikanth Sastry

Observation of shear-induced nematic–isotropic transition in side-chain liquid crystal polymers pp. 167-171

Caroline Pujolle-Robic and Laurence Noirez

An abrupt climate event in a coupled ocean–atmosphere simulation without external forcing pp. 171-175

Alex Hall and Ronald J. Stouffer

Evidence from detrital zircons for the existence of continental crust and oceans on the Earth 4.4 Gyr ago pp. 175-178

Simon A. Wilde, John W. Valley, William H. Peck and Colin M. Graham

Oxygen-isotope evidence from ancient zircons for liquid water at the Earth's surface 4,300 Myr ago pp. 178-181

Stephen J. Mojzsis, T. Mark Harrison and Robert T. Pidgeon

Fossil that fills a critical gap in avian evolution pp. 181-184

Mark A. Norell and Julia A. Clarke

Correlated evolution of morphology and vocal signal structure in Darwin's finches pp. 185-188

Jeffrey Podos

Nitrogen limitation of microbial decomposition in a grassland under elevated CO2 pp. 188-191

S. Hu, F. S. Chapin, M. K. Firestone, C. B. Field and N. R. Chiariello

Regulation of the gain of visually guided smooth-pursuit eye movements by frontal cortex pp. 191-194

Masaki Tanaka and Stephen G. Lisberger

A role for ghrelin in the central regulation of feeding pp. 194-198

Masamitsu Nakazato, Noboru Murakami, Yukari Date, Masayasu Kojima, Hisayuki Matsuo, Kenji Kangawa and Shigeru Matsukura

Identification of the haemoglobin scavenger receptor pp. 198-201

Mette Kristiansen, Jonas H. Graversen, Christian Jacobsen, Ole Sonne, Hans-Jürgen Hoffman, S.K. Alex Law and Søren K. Moestrup

Identification of the platelet ADP receptor targeted by antithrombotic drugs pp. 202-207

Gunther Hollopeter, Hans-Michael Jantzen, Diana Vincent, Georgia Li, Laura England, Vanitha Ramakrishnan, Ruey-Bing Yang, Paquita Nurden, Alan Nurden, David Julius and Pamela B. Conley

Inactivation of the apoptosis effector Apaf-1 in malignant melanoma pp. 207-211

María S. Soengas, Paola Capodieci, David Polsky, Jaume Mora, Manel Esteller, Ximena Opitz-Araya, Richard McCombie, James G. Herman, William L. Gerald, Yuri A. Lazebnik, Carlos Cordón-Cardó and Scott W. Lowe

The protein–protein interaction map of Helicobacter pylori pp. 211-215

Jean-Christophe Rain, Luc Selig, Hilde De Reuse, Véronique Battaglia, Céline Reverdy, Stéphane Simon, Gerlinde Lenzen, Fabien Petel, Jérôme Wojcik, Vincent Schächter, Y. Chemama, Agnès Labigne and Pierre Legrain

Crystal structures of SarA, a pleiotropic regulator of virulence genes in S. aureus pp. 215-219

Maria A. Schumacher, Barry K. Hurlburt and Richard G. Brennan

Projection structure of a ClC-type chloride channel at 6.5 Å resolution pp. 219-223

Joseph A. Mindell, Merritt Maduke, Christopher Miller and Nikolaus Grigorieff

Enabling the chemistry of life pp. 226-231

Christopher Walsh

Enzymes for chemical synthesis pp. 232-240

Kathryn M. Koeller and Chi-Huey Wong

Improving enzymes by using them in organic solvents pp. 241-246

Alexander M. Klibanov

Modular enzymes pp. 247-252

Chaitan Khosla and Pehr B. Harbury

Combinatorial and computational challenges for biocatalyst design pp. 253-257

Frances H. Arnold

Industrial biocatalysis today and tomorrow pp. 258-268

A. Schmid, J. S. Dordick, B. Hauer, A. Kiener, M. Wubbolts and B. Witholt

2001, volume 409, articles 6816

Ruling on cleaner diesel leaves Republicans facing a dilemma pp. 3-3

Tony Reichhardt

Human Proteome Index launched pp. 3-3

Alison Abbott

Computer modellers seek out 'Ten Most Wanted' proteins pp. 4-4

Alison Abbott

Major UK cancer research charities to consider merger pp. 4-4

Georgina Kenyon

Study focuses on genetic fallout of the bomb pp. 5-5

David Cyranoski

Parliament gives green light to stem-cell research pp. 5-5

David Dickson

Mind the pseudogap pp. 8-11

Mark Buchanan

Global biodiversity plan needs to convince local policy-makers pp. 12-12

Paul Jepson

Is this the first portrayal of tool use by a chimp? pp. 12-12

Andrew Whiten and William C. McGrew

1901 and all that pp. 13-16

J. L. Heilbron and W. F. Bynum

The melting-pot that is ALife pp. 17-18

John L. Casti

The man with faith in the unseeable pp. 18-18

Jacqueline Reynolds and Charles Tanford

For the birds pp. 18-19

Tore Slagsvold

Virology in all its guises pp. 19-20

Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus

The rocky road to dating the Earth pp. 20-20

Douglas Palmer

Genius loci pp. 21-21

Vaclav Smil

Time for gas planets to grow pp. 23-24

Jack J. Lissauer

A matter of choice pp. 25-25

Sarah Tomlin

Background inhibition to the fore pp. 25-27

Ivan Soltesz and Zoltan Nusser

Squeezing entanglement pp. 27-28

Nick Bigelow

The alkaloid defence pp. 28-28

Amanda Tromans

Relationships to chew over pp. 28-31

Anne Weil

It takes more than two to tango pp. 31-32

Ronald H. Schwartz

Nanowires begin to shine pp. 32-33

David H. Cobden

SOS polymerases pp. 33-34

Fumio Hanaoka

Tarantula peptide inhibits atrial fibrillation pp. 35-36

Frank Bode, Frederick Sachs and Michael R. Franz

Aphrodite's iridescence pp. 36-37

Andrew R. Parker, Ross C. McPhedran, David R. McKenzie, Lindsay C. Botten and Nicolae-Alexandru P. Nicorovici

Vertical mixing in the ocean pp. 37-37

D. J. Webb and N. Suginohara

How wild are wild mammals? pp. 37-38

Monica Österblad, Kai Norrdahl, Erkki Korpimäki and Pentti Huovinen

How wild are wild mammals? pp. 38-38

Moira A. Gilliver, Malcom Bennett, Michael Begon, Sarah M. Hazel and C. Anthony Hart

X-ray clusters of galaxies as tracers of structure in the Universe pp. 39-45

Stefano Borgani and Luigi Guzzo

A scheme for efficient quantum computation with linear optics pp. 46-52

E. Knill, R. Laflamme and G. J. Milburn

Dual origin of tribosphenic mammals pp. 53-57

Zhe-Xi Luo, Richard L. Cifelli and Zofia Kielan-Jaworowska

A massive reservoir of low-excitation molecular gas at high redshift pp. 58-60

Padeli Papadopoulos, Rob Ivison, Chris Carilli and Geraint Lewis

Substantial reservoirs of molecular hydrogen in the debris disks around young stars pp. 60-63

W. F. Thi, G. A. Blake, E. F. van Dishoeck, G. J. van Zadelhoff, J. M. M. Horn, E. E. Becklin, V. Mannings, A. I. Sargent, M. E. van den Ancker and A. Natta

Many-particle entanglement with Bose–Einstein condensates pp. 63-66

A. Sørensen, L.-M. Duan, J. I. Cirac and P. Zoller

Indium phosphide nanowires as building blocks for nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices pp. 66-69

Xiangfeng Duan, Yu Huang, Yi Cui, Jianfang Wang and Charles M. Lieber

Computational design of direct-bandgap semiconductors that lattice-match silicon pp. 69-71

Peihong Zhang, Vincent H. Crespi, Eric Chang, Steven G. Louie and Marvin L. Cohen

Evidence from gabbro of the Troodos ophiolite for lateral magma transport along a slow-spreading mid-ocean ridge pp. 72-75

Meir Abelson, Gidon Baer and Amotz Agnon

The Earth's ‘missing’ niobium may be in the core pp. 75-78

J. Wade and B. J. Wood

Symbiotic fungal endophytes control insect host–parasite interaction webs pp. 78-81

Marina Omacini, Enrique J. Chaneton, Claudio M. Ghersa and Christine B. Müller

Evolution of the bilaterian larval foregut pp. 81-85

Detlev Arendt, Ulrich Technau and Joachim Wittbrodt

Self-motion and the perception of stationary objects pp. 85-88

Mark Wexler, Francesco Panerai, Ivan Lamouret and Jacques Droulez

Adaptive regulation of neuronal excitability by a voltage- independent potassium conductance pp. 88-92

Stephen G. Brickley, Victoria Revilla, Stuart G. Cull-Candy, William Wisden and Mark Farrant

The lipid phosphatase SHIP2 controls insulin sensitivity pp. 92-97

Serge Clément, Ulrike Krause, Florence Desmedt, Jean-François Tanti, Jens Behrends, Xavier Pesesse, Takehiko Sasaki, Joseph Penninger, Margaret Doherty, Willy Malaisse, Jacques E. Dumont, Yannick Le Marchand-Brustel, Christophe Erneux, Louis Hue and Stéphane Schurmans

ICOS co-stimulatory receptor is essential for T-cell activation and function pp. 97-101

Chen Dong, Amy E. Juedes, Ulla-Angela Temann, Sujan Shresta, James P. Allison, Nancy H. Ruddle and Richard A. Flavell

ICOS is critical for CD40-mediated antibody class switching pp. 102-105

Alexander J. McAdam, Rebecca J. Greenwald, Michele A. Levin, Tatyana Chernova, Nelly Malenkovich, Vincent Ling, Gordon J. Freeman and Arlene H. Sharpe

ICOS is essential for effective T-helper-cell responses pp. 105-109

Anna Tafuri, Arda Shahinian, Friedhelm Bladt, Steve K. Yoshinaga, Manel Jordana, Andrew Wakeham, Louis-Martin Boucher, Denis Bouchard, Vera S. F. Chan, Gordon Duncan, Bernhard Odermatt, Alexandra Ho, Annick Itie, Tom Horan, John S. Whoriskey, Tony Pawson, Josef M. Penninger, Pamela S. Ohashi and Tak W. Mak

Telomere looping permits gene activation by a downstream UAS in yeast pp. 109-113

Derik de Bruin, Zafar Zaman, Rachel A. Liberatore and Mark Ptashne

Direct observation of DNA rotation during transcription by Escherichia coli RNA polymerase pp. 113-115

Yoshie Harada, Osamu Ohara, Akira Takatsuki, Hiroyasu Itoh, Nobuo Shimamoto and Kazuhiko Kinosita