NBER Working Papers

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34177: Reserves, Sanctions and Tariffs in a Time of Uncertainty

Menzie Chinn, Jeffrey Frankel and Hiro Ito

34176: Aggregate Efficiency with Heterogeneous Agents

David Baqaee and Ariel Burstein

34175: Selection Bias and Racial Disparities in Police Use of Force

Felipe M. Gonçalves, Steven Mello and Emily K. Weisburst

34174: How Retrainable are AI-Exposed Workers?

Benjamin Hyman, Benjamin Lahey, Karen Ni and Laura Pilossoph

34173: Streaking to Success? The Effects of Highlighting Streaks on Student Effort and Learning

Raphaëlle Aulagnon, Julian Cristia, Santiago Cueto and Ofer Malamud

34172: Outsourcing, Labor Market Frictions, and Employment

Mayara Felix and Michael B. Wong

34171: General Laws and the Emergence of Durable Political Parties: The Case of Pennsylvania

Naomi R. Lamoreaux and John Joseph Wallis

34170: How Much Tax Do US Billionaires Pay? Evidence from Administrative Data

Akcan S. Balkir, Emmanuel Saez, Danny Yagan and Gabriel Zucman

34169: Hopping on an Earlier Flight: Optimal Waiting with Multiple Flights

Joshua Gans

34168: Clinician Behavior When Skin-Tone Affects Test Results

Marcella Alsan, Liran Einav, Amy Finkelstein and Jonathan Zhang

34167: Religion in Emerging and Developing Regions

Sara Lowes, Benjamin Marx and Eduardo Montero

34166: Practical Finance: An Approximate Solution to Lifecycle Portfolio Choice

James J. Choi, Canyao Liu and Pengcheng Liu

34165: Robinson Meets Roy: Monopsony Power and Comparative Advantage

Mark Bils, Baris Kaymak and Kai-Jie Wu

34164: College Application Mistakes and the Design of Information Policies at Scale

Tomás Larroucau, Ignacio A. Rios, Anaïs Fabre and Christopher Neilson

34163: Model Uncertainty and Measures of Inequality of Opportunity

Giovanni Bernardo, Steven Durlauf, Andros Kourtellos and Chih Ming Tan

34162: Corporate Hierarchy

Michael Ewens and Xavier Giroud

34161: Misinformation and Mistrust: The Equilibrium Effects of Fake Reviews on Amazon.com

Ashvin Gandhi, Brett Hollenbeck and Zhijian Li

34160: Scalable Expertise: How Standardization Drives Scale and Scope

David Argente, Sara Moreira, Ezra Oberfield and Venky Venkateswaran

34159: Expecting Harm? The Impact of Rural Hospital Acquisitions on Maternal Health Care

David Dranove, Martin Gaynor and Eilidh Geddes

34158: Which Individuals Create Jobs? Managerial Talent and Occupational Skills

Marc-Andreas Muendler, James Rauch and Sérgio Koyama

34157: Composition Beats Collapse: Insights from the Bisin–Verdier Model on Endogenous Fertility Reversal

Sebastian Galiani and Raul A. Sosa

34156: The Risk Protection Value of Moral Hazard

Angelique Acquatella and Victoria Marone

34155: onetary Economics at 30: A Reexamination of the Relevance of Money in Cashless Limiting Monetary Economies

Ricardo Lagos

34154: The Passthrough of Treasury Supply to Bank Deposit Funding

Wenhao Li, Yiming Ma and Yang Zhao

34153: The Breakdown of the English Society of Orders: The Role of the Industrial Revolution

Cara Ebert, Leander Heldring, James Robinson and Sebastian Vollmer

34152: Can Cash Transfers Save Lives? Evidence from a Large-Scale Experiment in Kenya

Michael Walker, Nick Shankar, Edward Miguel, Dennis Egger and Grady Killeen

34151: Information Frictions and the Labor Market for Public School Teachers

Mark Colas and Chao Fu

34150: Deforestation: A Global and Dynamic Perspective

Farid Farrokhi, Elliot Kang, Heitor Pellegrina and Sebastian Sotelo

34149: Selective Turnout, Voting Policy, and Partisan Bias: Evidence from Multi-Level Data

Steven Berry, Christian Cox and Philip Haile

34148: FinTech Lending and Cashless Payments

Pulak Ghosh, Boris Vallee and Yao Zeng

34147: Has the Rise of Work from Home Reduced the Motherhood Penalty in the Labor Market?

Emma Harrington and Matthew Kahn

34146: Intermediaries and Asset Prices

Valentin Haddad and Tyler Muir

34145: A Model of the Babbage Firm

Joshua Gans

34144: The Great Gatsby Curve: Upward Mobility, Persistence and Inequality

Laura Mayoral, Debraj Ray and Garance Genicot

34143: Tariffs and State Capacity: A Specific Example

Erik Madsen, Martin Rotemberg, Sharon Traiberman and Shizhuo Wang

34142: The Global Gender Distortions Index (GGDI)

Pinelopi Goldberg, Charles Gottlieb, Somik Lall, Meet Mehta, Michael Peters and Aishwarya Lakshmi Ratan

34141: Public Procurement vs. Regulated Competition in Selection Markets

José Ignacio Cuesta and Pietro Tebaldi

34140: Economic Incentives and Organ Procurement: Evidence from a U.S. Reform

Erkut Ozbay, Ariel Rava, Sergio S. Urzúa and Emanuel Zur

34139: What Do (Thousands of) Unions Do? Union-Specific Pay Premia and Inequality

Ellora Derenoncourt, Francois Gerard, Lorenzo Lagos and Claire Montialoux

34138: Partial Language Acquisition: The Impact of Conformity

William Brock, Bo Chen, Steven Durlauf and Shlomo Weber

34137: Social Defaults and Plan Choice: The Case of Spousal Following

Tal Gross, Timothy Layton, Daniel Prinz and Julia Yates

34136: Intermediaries in Decentralized Markets: Evidence from Used-Car Transactions

Fei Li, Charles Murry, Can Tian and Yiyi Zhou

34135: Vertical Integration and Consumer Choice: Evidence from a Field Experiment

Chiara Farronato, Andrey Fradkin and Alexander MacKay

34134: Culture and Health

Marcella Alsan and Yousra Neberai

34133: Decomposing Trends in the Gender Gap for Highly Educated Workers

Joseph Altonji, John Humphries, Yagmur Yuksel and Ling Zhong

34132: Control Without Ownership: Governance of Nonprofit Hospitals

Katharina Lewellen, Gordon Phillips and Giorgo Sertsios

34131: The Extraordinary Rise in the Wealth of Older American Households

Edward N. Wolff

34130: Financial Advisors and Investors' Bias

Marianne Andries, Maxime Bonelli and David Sraer

34129: Understanding Gaps in College Outcomes by First-Generation Status

Esteban Aucejo, Jacob French, Paola Ugalde Araya and Basit Zafar

34128: The Dynamics of Deposit Flightiness and its Impact on Financial Stability

Kristian Blickle, Jian Li, Xu Lu and Yiming Ma

34127: Database, Methodological Tools, and Research Opportunities: Creative Destruction Lab and Early-Stage Technology Ventures

Amir Sariri, Evgenia Gatov, Geneva Neal, Kyle Robinson, Sonia Sennik, Wei Yang Tham, Michael Vertolli and Avi Goldfarb

34126: Navigating the College Affordability Crisis: Insights from College Savings Accounts

Guglielmo Briscese, John List and Sabrina Liu

34125: Carbon Pricing and Inequality: A Normative Perspective

Saki Bigio, Diego Känzig, Pablo Sánchez and Conor Walsh

34124: A Tale of Two Transitions: Mobility Dynamics in China and Russia after Central Planning

Kristina Butaeva, Lian Chen, Steven Durlauf and Albert Park

34123: Military Spending and War

Efraim Benmelech and Joao Monteiro

34122: Is This Really Kneaded? Identifying and Eliminating Potentially Harmful Forms of Workplace Control

Guido Friebel, Matthias Heinz, Mitchell Hoffman, Tobias Kretschmer and Nick Zubanov

34121: Unbalanced Financial Globalization

Damien Capelle and Bruno Pellegrino

34120: Climate Politics in the United States

Matilde Bombardini, Frederico Finan, Nicolas Longuet-Marx, Suresh Naidu and Francesco Trebbi

34119: Why Does Value-Added Work? Implications of a Dynamic Model of Student Achievement

Doug Staiger, Thomas J. Kane and Brian D. Johnson

34118: Creative Financing and Public Moral Hazard: Evidence from Medicaid and the Nursing Home Industry

Martin B. Hackmann, Juan S. Rojas and Nicolas Ziebarth

34117: Implications of Fiscal-Monetary Interaction from HANK Models

Greg Kaplan

34116: Misperceptions About Air Pollution: Implications for Willingness to Pay and Environmental Inequality

Matthew A. Tarduno and Reed Walker

34115: Fear and Risk Perception: Understanding Physicians' Dynamic Responses to Malpractice Lawsuits

Hanming Fang, Ming Li and Jia Xiang

34114: Concentration and Markups in International Trade

Vanessa Alviarez, Michele Fioretti, Ken Kikkawa and Monica Morlacco

34113: Market Rents and CPI Shelter Inflation

Laurence Ball and Kyung Woong Koh

34112: Random Walk Forecasts of Stationary Processes Have Low Bias

Kenneth West and Kurt Lunsford

34111: Do Environmental Markets Improve Allocative Efficiency? Evidence from U.S. Air Pollution

Kyle Meng and Vincent Thivierge

34110: Markups and Cost Pass-through Along the Supply Chain

Santiago Alvarez-Blaser, Alberto Cavallo, Alexander MacKay and Paolo Mengano

34109: The Social Lifecycle Impacts of Power Plant Siting in the Historical United States

Karen Clay, Danae Hernandez-Cortes, Akshaya Jha, Joshua Lewis, Noah S. Miller and Edson Severnini

34108: Optimal Tariffs with Geopolitical Alignment

John S. Becko, Gene Grossman and Elhanan Helpman

34107: The Legacy of High Inflation on Monetary Policy Rules

Luis I. Jacome, Nicolas Magud, Samuel Pienknagura and Martín Uribe

34106: Are Juries Racially Discriminatory? Evidence from the Race-Blind Charging of Grand Jury Defendants with and without Racially Distinctive Names

Mark Hoekstra, Suhyeon Oh and Meradee Tangvatcharapong

34105: Sequential College Admission Mechanisms and Off-Platform Options

Olivier De Groote, Anaïs Fabre, Margaux Luflade and Arnaud Maurel

34104: Seemingly Virtuous Complexity in Return Prediction

Stefan Nagel

34103: Engineering Ukraine's Wirtschaftswunder

Ufuk Akcigit, Furkan Kilic, Somik Lall and Solomiya Shpak

34102: Turning Points in Inflation: A Structural Breaks Approach with Micro Data

Alberto Cavallo and Gaston Garcia Zavaleta

34101: Why Did Air Conditioning Adoption Accelerate Faster Than Predicted? Evidence from Mexico

Lucas Davis and Paul Gertler

34100: GenAI Misinformation, Trust, and News Consumption: Evidence from a Field Experiment

Filipe Campante, Ruben Durante, Felix Hagemeister and Ananya Sen

34099: When is Less More? Bank Arrangements for Liquidity vs Central Bank Support

Viral Acharya, Raghuram Rajan and Zhi Quan (Bill) Shu

34098: Rural-Urban Migration and Market Integration

Dennis Egger, Benjamin Faber, Ming Li and Wei Lin

34097: The Undoing of Economic Sanctions: Evidence from the Russia-Ukraine Conflict

Raymond Fisman, Giovanna Marcolongo and Meng Wu

34096: Transport Infrastructure and Policy Evaluation

Dave Donaldson

34095: Reskilling and Resilience

Anders Humlum and Pernille Plato

34094: Feeling Rich or Looking Rich? Quantifying Self-Image and Social-Image Motives

Nicolas Bottan, Ricardo Perez-Truglia, Hitoshi Shigeoka and Katsunori Yamada

34093: The Personalist Penalty: Varieties of Autocracy and Economic Growth

Christopher Blattman, Scott Gehlbach and Zeyang Yu

34092: Attitudes to Debt: The Role of Moral Values

Fiona Paine, Antoinette Schoar and David Thesmar

34091: Optimal School System and Curriculum Design: Theory and Evidence

Glenn Ellison and Parag A. Pathak

34090: New Economic Forces Behind the Value Distribution of Innovation

Timothy Bresnahan, Shane Greenstein and Pai-Ling Yin

34089: An Informational Nudge to Shave Peak Demand

Gilbert Metcalf

34088: The Causal Effect of News on Inflation Expectations

Carola Binder, Pascal Frank and Jane Ryngaert

34087: Campaigning for Extinction: Eradication of Sparrows and the Great Famine in China

Eyal G. Frank, Qinyun Wang, Shaoda Wang, Xuebin Wang and Yang You

34086: Retail Investors’ Contrarian Behavior Around News, Attention, and the Momentum Effect

Patrick Luo, Enrichetta Ravina, Marco C. Sammon and Luis Viceira

34085: Entrepreneurial Experimentation Design for Venture Finance

Joshua Gans

34084: International Climate News

María José Arteaga Garavito, Riccardo Colacito, Mariano Croce and Biao Yang

34083: Strategic Complexity Promotes Egalitarianism in Legislative Bargaining

Marina Agranov, S. Nageeb Ali, B. Douglas Bernheim and Thomas Palfrey

34082: Can Author Manipulation of AI Referees be Welfare Improving?

Joshua Gans

34081: Equilibrium Particulate Exposure

Lorenzo Aldeco, Lint Barrage and Matthew Turner

34080: Carbon Taxes and Green Subsidies in a World Economy

Matthew Kotchen and Giovanni Maggi

34079: The Role of Industrial Policy in the Renewable Energy Sector

Todd Gerarden, Mar Reguant and Yi Xu

34078: The Risk, Reward, and Asset Allocation of Nonprofit Endowment Funds

Andrew Lo, Egor V. Matveyev and Stefan Zeume