NBER Working Papers

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5771: The Exchange Value of the Renminbi and China's Balance of Trade: An Emp irical Study

Zhaoyong Zhang

5770: Estimating the Welfare Effects of Digital Infrastructure

Shane Greenstein and Pablo Spiller

5769: Do Markets Respond More to More Reliable Labor Market Data? A Test of Market Rationality

Alan Krueger

5768: Trade and Environment Beyond Singapore

John Whalley

5767: Aggregate Employment Fluctuations with Microeconomic Asymmetries

Jeffrey Campbell and Jonas Fisher

5766: A Model of Foreign Exchange Rate Indetermination

Charles Engel

5765: Non-Monetary Exchange Within Firms and Industry

Canice Prendergast and Lars Stole

5764: What Does the Bundesbank Target?

Ben Bernanke and Ilian Mihov

5763: The Wages and Language Skills of U.S. Immigrants

Geoffrey Carliner

5762: Individual Financial Decisions in Retirement Saving Plans and The Provision of Resources for Retirement

James Poterba and David Wise

5761: The Transition Path in Privatizing Social Security

Martin Feldstein and Andrew Samwick

5760: Mortality Contingent Claims, Health Care, and Social Insurance

Tomas Philipson and Gary Becker

5759: The Effects of Tax-Based Saving Incentives On Saving and Wealth

Eric M. Engen, William Gale and John Scholz

5758: Financial Dependence and Growth

Raghuram Rajan and Luigi Zingales

5757: The Macroeconomics of Specificity

Ricardo Caballero and Mohamad L. Hammour

5756: The Determinants of the Choice between Fixed and Flexible Exchange-Rate Regimes

Sebastian Edwards

5755: "Basket" Cases: International Joint Ventures After the Tax Reform Act of 1986

Mihir A. Desai and James Hines

5754: Fixing Capital Gains: Symmetry, Consistency and Correctness in the Taxation of Financial Instruments

David Bradford

5753: The Government as Venture Capitalist: The Long-Run Effects of the SBIR Program

Josh Lerner

5752: Heterogeneous Information Arrivals and Return Volatility Dynamics: Uncovering the Long-Run in High Frequency Returns

Torben Andersen and Tim Bollerslev

5751: The Determinants of Technological Change in Heart Attack Treatment

David Cutler and Mark McClellan

5750: Are Medical Prices Declining?

David Cutler, Mark McClellan, Joseph Newhouse and Dahlia Remler

5749: Exchange Rate Pass-through and Industry Characteristics: The Case of Taiwan's Exports of Midstream Petrochemical Products

Kuo-Liang Wang and Chung-Shu Wu

5748: The Equilibrium Approach to Exchange Rates: Theory and Tests

Prakash Apte, Piet Sercu and Raman Uppal

5747: Issues in Korean Exchange Rate Policy

Stanley Black

5746: Environmental Change and Hedonic Cost Functions for Automobiles

Steven Berry, Samuel Kortum and Ariel Pakes

5745: Auction Design and the Market for Sulfur Dioxide Emissions

Paul Joskow, Richard Schmalensee and Elizabeth M. Bailey

5744: The Proper Scope of Government: Theory and an Application to Prisons

Oliver Hart, Andrei Shleifer and Robert Vishny

5743: International Capital Mobility in History: The Saving-Investment Relationship

Alan Taylor

5742: International Capital Mobility in History: Purchasing-Power Parity in the Long Run

Alan Taylor

5741: How to Count Patents and Value Intellectual Property: Uses of Patent Renewal and Application Data

Jean Lanjouw, Ariel Pakes and Jonathan Putnam

5740: Price, Tobacco Control Policies and Youth Smoking

Frank Chaloupka and Michael Grossman

5739: Macroeconomic Policy in the Presence of Structural Maladjustment

Robert Gordon

5738: Cash Welfare as a Consumption Smoothing Mechanism for Single Mothers

Jonathan Gruber

5737: Crime, Urban Flight, and the Consequences for Cities

Julie Cullen and Steven Levitt

5736: Are 401(k) Plans Replacing Other Employer-Provided Pensions? Evidence from Panel Data

Leslie Papke

5735: The Time-Varying NAIRU and its Implications for Economic Policy

Robert Gordon

5734: Administrative Costs in Public and Private Retirement Systems

Olivia Mitchell

5733: Women Helping Women? Role-Model and Mentoring Effects on Female Ph.D. Student in Economics

David Neumark and Rosella Gardecki

5732: Trade and Growth in East Asian Countries: Cause and Effect?

Jeffrey Frankel, David Romer and Teresa Cyrus

5731: Private Consumption, Nontraded Goods and Real Exchange Rate: A Cointegration_Euler Equation Approach

Kenneth S. Lin

5730: Fiscal Adjustments in OECD Countries: Composition and Macroeconomic Effects

Alberto Alesina and Roberto Perotti

5729: Unraveling in Assignment Markets

Hao Li and Sherwin Rosen

5728: Price versus Quantity: Market Clearing Mechanisms When Sellers Differ in Quality

Andrew Metrick and Richard Zeckhauser

5727: When Liberal Policies Reflect External Shocks, What Do We Learn?

Leonardo Bartolini and Allan Drazen

5726: Market Segmentation and the Sources of Rents from Innovation: Personal Computers in the Late 1980's

Timothy Bresnahan, Scott Stern and Manuel Trajtenberg

5725: Capital Account Liberalization as a Signal

Leonardo Bartolini and Allan Drazen

5724: Has Work-Sharing Worked in Germany?

Jennifer Hunt

5723: Hong Kong's Currency Board and Changing Monetary Regimes

Yum K. Kwan and Francis Lui

5722: Technology, Factor Supplies and International Specialization: Estimating the Neoclassical Model

James Harrigan

5721: Technology, Employment, and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations

Jordi Galí

5720: The Yen and Its East Asian Neighbors, 1980-1995: Cooperation or Competition?

Shinji Takagi

5719: Price Level Targeting vs. Inflation Targeting: A Free Lunch?

Lars Svensson

5718: Wage Inequality and Segregation by Skill

Michael Kremer and Eric Maskin

5717: The Strategic Response by Pharmaceutical Firms to the Medicaid Most-Favored-Customer Rules

Fiona Scott Morton

5716: The Response of Wages and Actual Hours Worked to the Reductions of Standard Hours

Jennifer Hunt

5715: Is "Learning-by-Exporting" Important? Micro-Dynamic Evidence from Colombia, Mexico and Morocco

Sofronis Clerides, Saul Lach and James Tybout

5714: Country Fund Discounts, Asymmetric Information and the Mexican Crisis of 1994: Did Local Residents Turn Pessimistic Before International Investors?

Jeffrey Frankel and Sergio Schmukler

5713: The Demand for Cocaine by Young Adults: A Rational Addiction Approach

Michael Grossman, Frank Chaloupka and Charles C. Brown

5712: Flows of Knowledge from Universities and Federal Labs: Modeling the Flowof Patent Citations Over Time and Across Institutional and Geographic Boundari

Adam Jaffe and Manuel Trajtenberg

5711: Risk-Shifting by Federally Insured Commercial Banks

Armen Hovakimian and Edward Kane

5710: Why Clashes Between Internal and External Stability Goals End in Currency Crises, 1797-1994

Michael Bordo and Anna Schwartz

5709: Real Exchange Rate Levels, Productivity and Demand Shocks: Evidence from a Panel of 14 Countries

Menzie Chinn and Louis Johnston

5708: School Resources and Student Outcomes: An Overview of the Literature and New Evidence from North and South Carolina

David Card and Alan Krueger

5707: Construction of the Earnings and Benefits File (EBF) for Use With the Health and Retirement Survey

Olivia Mitchell, Jan Olson and Thomas Steinmeier

5706: Does Economic Geography Matter for International Specialization?

Donald Davis and David Weinstein

5705: Incentives and Careers in Organizations

Robert Gibbons

5704: Inequality, Predation and Welfare

Herschel Grossman and Minseong Kim

5703: Chaos, Sunspots, and Automatic Stabilizers

Lawrence Christiano and Sharon Harrison

5702: Social Policy Dimensions of Economic Integration: Environmental and Labour Standards

Kym Anderson

5701: Do Financial Incentives Encourage Welfare Recipients to Work? Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation of the Self-Sufficiency Project

David Card and Philip Robins

5700: The Endogeneity of the Optimum Currency Area Criteria

Jeffrey Frankel and Andrew Rose

5699: From Obscurity to Notoriety: A Biography of the Exchange Stabilization Fund

Anna Schwartz

5698: Determinants of Economic Growth: A Cross-Country Empirical Study

Robert Barro

5697: Why Are There Rich and Poor Countries? Symmetry-Breaking in the World Economy

Kiminori Matsuyama

5696: A Unified Treatment of Horizontal Direct Investment, Vertical Direct Investment, and the Pattern of Trade in Goods and Services

James Markusen, Anthony Venables, Denise Konan and Kevin H. Zhang

5695: Quota Licenses for Imported Capital Equipment: Could Bureaucrats Ever DoBetter than the Market?

Barbara Spencer

5694: International Conflict, Defense Spending and the Size of Countries

Alberto Alesina and Enrico Spolaore

5693: Trade Liberalization and Income Distribution

Donald Davis

5692: Federal Reserve Private Information and the Behavior of Interest Rates

Christina Romer and David Romer

5691: Dynamic Complementarities: A Quantitative Analysis

Russell Cooper and Alok Johri

5690: Perceptions of Economic Insecurity: Evidence from the Survey of Economic Expectations

Jeff Dominitz and Charles Manski

5689: Preliminary Injunctive Relief: Theory and Evidence from Patent Litigation

Jean Lanjouw and Josh Lerner

5688: The Economic Consequences of Parental Leave Mandates: Lessons from Europe

Christopher Ruhm

5687: Deregulation and Labor Earnings in the Airline Industry

David Card

5686: Assessing the Effectiveness of Saving Incentives

Robert Hubbard and Jonathan Skinner

5685: Demand Shifts, Population Adjustments, and Labor Market Outcomes during the 1980s

John Bound and Harry Holzer

5684: Control of the Public Debt: A Requirement for Price Stability?

Michael Woodford

5683: Tax Policy and Investment

Kevin Hassett and Robert Hubbard

5682: Optimal Money Burning: Theory and Application to Corporate Dividend Policy

B. Douglas Bernheim and Lee Redding

5681: Contagious Currency Crises

Barry Eichengreen, Andrew Rose and Charles Wyplosz

5680: Implementing Results-Oriented Trade Policies: The Case of the US-Japanese Auto Parts Dispute

Kala Krishna and John Morgan

5679: Wage Subsidies for the Disadvantaged

Lawrence Katz

5678: Money and Exchange Rates in the Grossman-Weiss-Rotemberg Model

Fernando Alvarez and Andrew Atkeson

5677: Demographic Structure and the Political Economy of Public Education

James Poterba

5676: Relative Labor Productivity and the Real Exchange Rate in the Long Run: Evidence for a Panel of OECD Countries

Matthew Canzoneri, Robert Cumby and Behzad Diba

5675: Forecasting Exchange Rates and Relative Prices with the Hamburger Standard: Is What You Want What You Get With McParity?

Robert Cumby

5674: Elephants

Michael Kremer and Charles Morcom

5673: The Effects of the Corporate Average Fuel Efficiency Standards

Pinelopi Koujianou Goldbe

5672: Performance Pay and Productivity

Edward Lazear