NBER Working Papers

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19626: Enforcement and Immigrant Location Choice

Tara Watson

19625: Betting on Secession: Quantifying Political Events Surrounding Slavery and the Civil War

Charles Calomiris and Jonathan Pritchett

19624: The Evolving Geography of China's Industrial Production: Implications for Pollution Dynamics and Urban Quality of Life

Siqi Zheng, Cong Sun, Ye Qi and Matthew Kahn

19623: The Term Structure of Currency Carry Trade Risk Premia

Hanno Lustig, Andreas Stathopoulos and Adrien Verdelhan

19622: Moral Hazard and Economies of Scope in Physician Ownership of Complementary Medical Services

Brian K. Chen, Paul Gertler and Chuh-Yuh Yang

19621: The Impact of Headquarter and Subsidiary Locations on Multinationals' Effective Tax Rates

Kevin S. Markle and Douglas Shackelford

19620: Pollution Control Effort at China's River Borders: When Does Free Riding Cease?

Matthew Kahn, Pei Li and Daxuan Zhao

19619: Moral Hazard, Informed Trading, and Stock Prices

Pierre Collin-Dufresne and Vyacheslav Fos

19618: Economic Development, Flow of Funds and the Equilibrium Interaction of Financial Frictions

Benjamin Moll, Robert Townsend and Victor Zhorin

19617: Dynamic Financial Constraints: Distinguishing Mechanism Design from Exogenously Incomplete Regimes

Alexander Karaivanov and Robert Townsend

19616: Moving out of Agriculture: Structural Change in Vietnam

Brian McCaig and Nina Pavcnik

19615: Confucianism and Preferences: Evidence from Lab Experiments in Taiwan and China

Elaine Liu, Juanjuan Meng and Joseph Wang

19614: Why ask Why? Forward Causal Inference and Reverse Causal Questions

Andrew Gelman and Guido Imbens

19613: Pass-through of Emissions Costs in Electricity Markets

Natalia Fabra and Mar Reguant

19612: Valuing Private Equity

Morten Sorensen, Neng Wang and Jinqiang Yang

19611: Option Prices in a Model with Stochastic Disaster Risk

Sang Byung Seo and Jessica Wachter

19610: Mothers, Friends and Gender Identity

Claudia Olivetti, Eleonora Patacchini and Yves Zenou

19609: Are Closely-Held Firms Tax Shelters?

Annette Alstadsæter, Wojciech Kopczuk and Kjetil Telle

19608: Russia's Fiscal Gap

Eugene Goryunov, Maria Kazakova, Laurence Kotlikoff, Arseny Mamedov, Kristina Nesterova, Vladimir Nazarov, Elena Grishina, Pavel Trunin and Alexey Shpenev

19607: Credit Constraints and the Racial Gap in Post-Secondary Education in South Africa

David Lam, Cally Ardington, Nicola Branson and Murray Leibbrandt

19606: Collateral Valuation and Borrower Financial Constraints: Evidence from the Residential Real Estate Market

Sumit Agarwal, Itzhak Ben-David and Vincent Yao

19605: Amidst Poverty and Prejudice: Black and Irish Civil War Veterans

Hoyt Bleakley, Louis Cain and Joseph Ferrie

19604: The Home Front: Rent Control and the Rapid Wartime Increase in Home Ownership

Daniel Fetter

19603: Malaria and Early African Development: Evidence from the Sickle Cell Trait

Emilio Depetris-Chauvin and David Weil

19602: Perverse Consequences of Well Intentioned Regulation: Evidence from India's Child Labor Ban

Prashant Bharadwaj, Leah Lakdawala and Nicholas Li

19601: Experimentation in Federal Systems

Steven Callander and Bard Harstad

19600: Amerisclerosis? The Puzzle of Rising U.S. Unemployment Persistence

Olivier Coibion, Yuriy Gorodnichenko and Dmitri Koustas

19599: Is There A Case for a "Second Demographic Transition"? Three Distinctive Features of the Post-1960 U.S. Fertility Decline

Martha Bailey, Melanie Guldi and Brad Hershbein

19598: Is The Phillips Curve Alive and Well After All? Inflation Expectations and the Missing Disinflation

Olivier Coibion and Yuriy Gorodnichenko

19597: Women's Education: Harbinger of Another Spring? Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Turkey

Mehmet Alper Dinçer, Neeraj Kaushal and Michael Grossman

19596: Why Has Japan's Massive Government Debt Not Wreaked Havoc (Yet)?

Charles Horioka, Takaaki Nomoto and Akiko Hagiwara

19595: What Is the Case for Paid Maternity Leave?

Gordon Dahl, Katrine Løken, Magne Mogstad and Kari Vea Salvanes

19594: Risky Investments with Limited Commitment

Thomas Cooley, Ramon Marimon and Vincenzo Quadrini

19593: The Impact of Biomedical Knowledge Accumulation on Mortality: A Bibliometric Analysis of Cancer Data

Frank Lichtenberg

19592: Effects of Physician-Directed Pharmaceutical Promotion on Prescription Behaviors: Longitudinal Evidence

Anusua Datta and Dhaval Dave

19591: Can Simple Informational Nudges Increase Employee Participation in a 401(k) Plan?

Robert L. Clark, Jennifer A. Maki and Melinda Morrill

19590: The Joint Cross Section of Stocks and Options

Byeong-Je An, Andrew Ang, Turan G. Bali and Nusret Cakici

19589: Is the Consumer Expenditure Survey Representative by Income?

John Sabelhaus, David Johnson, Stephen Ash, David Swanson, Thesia Garner, John Greenlees and Steve Henderson

19588: The Optimal Currency Area in a Liquidity Trap

David Cook and Michael Devereux

19587: Failing the Test? The Flexible U.S. Job Market in the Great Recession

Richard Freeman

19586: Drive More Effective Data-Based Innovations: Enhancing the Utility of Secure Databases

Yi Qian and Hui Xie

19585: Does Expansionary Monetary Policy Cause Asset Price Booms; Some Historical and Empirical Evidence

Michael Bordo and John Landon-Lane

19584: What Explains House Price Booms?: History and Empirical Evidence

Michael Bordo and John Landon-Lane

19583: How Family Status and Social Security Claiming Options Shape Optimal Life Cycle Portfolios

Andreas Hubener, Raimond Maurer and Olivia Mitchell

19582: Constructing a PCE-Weighted Consumer Price Index

Caitlin Blair

19581: The Medium-Term Impacts of High-Achieving Charter Schools on Non-Test Score Outcomes

Will Dobbie and Roland Fryer

19580: The Mother of All Sudden Stops: Capital Flows and Reversals in Europe, 1919-32

Olivier Accominotti and Barry Eichengreen

19579: Consumption and Cash-Flow Taxes in an International Setting

Alan Auerbach and Michael Devereux

19578: What Do We Learn from the Weather? The New Climate-Economy Literature

Melissa Dell, Benjamin Jones and Benjamin Olken

19577: The Continental Dollar: How the American Revolution was Financed with Paper Money--Initial Design and Ideal Performance

Farley Grubb

19576: Small High Schools and Student Achievement: Lottery-Based Evidence from New York City

Atila Abdulkadiroğlu, Weiwei Hu and Parag Pathak

19575: Globalization, Democracy and Development

Jorge Braga de Macedo, Luis Pereira, Joaquim Oliveira Martins and Joao Jalles

19574: Who Pays for Public Employee Health Costs?

Jeffrey Clemens and David Cutler

19573: Blockholders and Corporate Governance

Alex Edmans

19572: The Redistributive Effects of Financial Deregulation

Anton Korinek and Jonathan Kreamer

19571: What Do We Know About Short and Long Term Effects of Early Life Exposure to Pollution?

Janet Currie, Joshua Graff Zivin, Jamie Mullins and Matthew Neidell

19570: Home Bias and Local Contagion: Evidence from Funds of Hedge Funds

Clemens Sialm, Zheng Sun and Lu Zheng

19569: Defined Contribution Pension Plans: Sticky or Discerning Money?

Clemens Sialm, Laura Starks and Hanjiang Zhang

19568: Shadow Insurance

Ralph Koijen and Motohiro Yogo

19567: Bayesian Variable Selection for Nowcasting Economic Time Series

Steven L. Scott and Hal Varian

19566: The Effects of Retiree Health Insurance Plan Characteristics on Retirees' Choice and Employers' Costs

Robert Clark, Melinda Morrill and David Vanderweide

19565: To Hold Out or Not to Hold Out

Frank Schorfheide and Kenneth I. Wolpin

19564: Market Thickness and the Impact of Unemployment on Housing Market Outcomes

Li Gan and Qinghua Zhang

19563: The Role of Retiree Health Insurance in the Early Retirement of Public Sector Employees

John B. Shoven and Sita Slavov

19562: Evaluation of the College Possible Program: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial

Christopher Avery

19561: Patterns of Convergence and Divergence in the Euro Area

Angel Estrada, Jordi Galí and David Lopez-Salido

19560: Contracting Over the Disclosure of Scientific Knowledge: Intellectual Property and Academic Publication

Joshua Gans, Fiona E. Murray and Scott Stern

19559: Macro Fiscal Policy in Economic Unions: States as Agents

Gerald Carlino and Robert P. Inman

19558: The Effect of Safety Net Programs on Food Insecurity

Lucie Schmidt, Lara Shore-Sheppard and Tara Watson

19557: The Value of Corporate Culture

Luigi Guiso, Paola Sapienza and Luigi Zingales

19556: Mining Surplus: Modeling James A. Schmitz's Link Between Competition and Productivity

Jeremy Greenwood and David Weiss

19555: Antidumping and the Death of Trade

Tibor Besedes and Thomas Prusa

19554: The Origins of Early Childhood Anthropometric Persistence

Daniel Millimet and Rusty Tchernis

19553: Uncertainty, Redistribution, and the Labor Market

Casey Mulligan

19552: The Missing Manual: Using National Student Clearinghouse Data to Track Postsecondary Outcomes

Susan Dynarski, Steven W. Hemelt and Joshua Hyman

19551: Do Measures of Financial Constraints Measure Financial Constraints?

Joan Farre-Mensa and Alexander Ljungqvist

19550: Predatory Lending and the Subprime Crisis

Sumit Agarwal, Gene Amromin, Itzhak Ben-David, Souphala Chomsisengphet and Douglas Evanoff

19549: What Are We Not Doing When We're Online

Scott Wallsten

19548: Linkages across Sovereign Debt Markets

Cristina Arellano and Yan Bai

19547: The Impact of Medicaid on Labor Force Activity and Program Participation: Evidence from the Oregon Health Insurance Experiment

Katherine Baicker, Amy Finkelstein, Jae Song and Sarah Taubman

19546: Affirmative Action: One Size Does Not Fit All

Kala Krishna and Alexander Tarasov

19545: Rational Inattention and Energy Efficiency

James Sallee

19544: A Comparison of Micro and Macro Expenditure Measures Across Countries Using Differing Survey Methods

Garry Barrett, Peter Levell and Kevin Milligan

19543: Asking Households About Expenditures: What Have We Learned?

Thomas Crossley and Joachim Winter

19542: Strategic Parenting, Birth Order and School Performance

V. Joseph Hotz and Juan Pantano

19541: How Much Would You Pay to Resolve Long-Run Risk?

Larry Epstein, Emmanuel Farhi and Tomasz Strzalecki

19540: The Development of Opacity in U.S. Banking

Gary Gorton

19539: Measuring the Accuracy of Survey Responses using Administrative Register Data: Evidence from Denmark

Claus Kreiner, David Lassen and Søren Leth-Petersen

19538: Credit History: The Changing Nature of Scientific Credit

Joshua Gans and Fiona Murray

19537: Money as a Unit of Account

Matthias Doepke and Martin Schneider

19536: The Potential use of In-home Scanner Technology for Budget Surveys

Andrew Leicester

19535: The Intergenerational Transmission of Automobile Brand Preferences: Empirical Evidence and Implications for Firm Strategy

Soren Anderson, Ryan Kellogg, Ashley Langer and James Sallee

19534: Risk-Taking Behavior in the Wake of Natural Disasters

Lisa Cameron and Manisha Shah

19533: Waste of Effort? International Environmental Agreements

Derek Kellenberg and Arik Levinson

19532: Corporate Demand for Insurance: New Evidence from the U.S. Terrorism and Property Markets

Erwann Michel-Kerjan, Paul Raschky and Howard Kunreuther

19531: High Frequency Traders: Taking Advantage of Speed

Yacine Ait-Sahalia and Mehmet Saglam

19530: Food Price Spikes, Price Insulation and Poverty

Kym Anderson, Maros Ivanic and Will Martin

19529: Incentives, Selection, and Teacher Performance: Evidence from IMPACT

Thomas Dee and James Wyckoff

19528: Conforming and Non-conforming Peer Effects in Vaccination Decisions

Elizabeth Bodine-Baron, Sarah Nowak, Raffaello Varadavas and Neeraj Sood

19527: How Product Standardization Affects Choice: Evidence from the Massachusetts Health Insurance Exchange

Keith Ericson and Amanda Starc