NBER Working Papers

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32111: Difference-in-Differences in the Marketplace

Robert Minton and Casey Mulligan

32110: Lives vs. Livelihoods: The Impact of the Great Recession on Mortality and Welfare

Amy Finkelstein, Matthew Notowidigdo, Frank Schilbach and Jonathan Zhang

32109: Immigration Enforcement and Public Safety

Felipe M. Gonçalves, Elisa Jácome and Emily K. Weisburst

32108: Does Defensive Gun Use Deter Crime?

John Donohue, Alex Oktay, Amy L. Zhang and Matthew Benavides

32107: Keeping Up with the Jansens: Causal Peer Effects on Household Spending, Beliefs and Happiness

Maarten van Rooij, Olivier Coibion, Dimitris Georgarakos, Bernardo Candia and Yuriy Gorodnichenko

32106: Copyright Policy Options for Generative Artificial Intelligence

Joshua Gans

32105: How Learning About Harms Impacts the Optimal Rate of Artificial Intelligence Adoption

Joshua Gans

32104: Gender Inequality in Latin America and the Caribbean

Inés Berniell, Raquel Fernandez and Sonya Krutikova

32103: Effects of Childhood Cognitive and Behavioral Disabilities on Adult Economic Outcomes

Hope Corman, Kelly Noonan and Nancy Reichman

32102: Protective Behavior and Life Insurance

Abigail Hurwitz, Olivia Mitchell and Orly Sade

32101: CEO Compensation and Cash-Flow Shocks: Evidence from Changes in Environmental Regulations

Seungho Choi, Ross Levine, Raphael Jonghyeon Park and Simon Xu

32100: Does Pension Automatic Enrollment Increase Debt? Evidence from a Large-Scale Natural Experiment

John Beshears, Matthew Blakstad, James Choi, Christopher Firth, John Gathergood, David Laibson, Richard Notley, Jesal D. Sheth, Will Sandbrook and Neil Stewart

32099: Platform Information Provision and Consumer Search: A Field Experiment

Lu Fang, Yanyou Chen, Chiara Farronato, Zhe Yuan and Yitong Wang

32098: The Causal Effects of Global Supply Chain Disruptions on Macroeconomic Outcomes: Evidence and Theory

Xiwen Bai, Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde, Yiliang Li and Francesco Zanetti

32097: Optimal Trade Policy with International Technology Diffusion

Yan Bai, Keyu Jin, Dan Lu and Hanxi Wang

32096: Intra-Household Insurance and the Intergenerational Transmission of Income Risk

Francesco Agostinelli, Domenico Ferraro, Xincheng Qiu and Giuseppe Sorrenti

32095: Do Double Majors Face Less Risk? An Analysis of Human Capital Diversification

Andrew S. Hanks, Shengjun Jiang, Xuechao Qian, Bo Wang and Bruce Weinberg

32094: Non-Linear Inflation Dynamics in Menu Cost Economies

Andres Blanco, Corina Boar, Callum Jones and Virgiliu Midrigan

32093: Cash Transfers for Child Development: Experimental Evidence from India

Jeffrey Weaver, Sandip Sukhtankar, Paul Niehaus and Karthik Muralidharan

32092: Convenience Yields and Exchange Rate Puzzles

Zhengyang Jiang, Arvind Krishnamurthy, Hanno Lustig and Jialu Sun

32091: Power Flows: Transmission Lines, Allocative Efficiency, and Corporate Profits

Catherine Hausman

32090: Policy Responses to Tax Competition: An Introduction

David Agrawal, James Poterba and Owen Zidar

32089: Customer Data Access and Fintech Entry: Early Evidence from Open Banking

Tania Babina, Saleem Bahaj, Greg Buchak, Filippo De Marco, Angus Foulis, Will Gornall, Francesco Mazzola and Tong Yu

32088: Energy Transitions in Regulated Markets

Gautam Gowrisankaran, Ashley Langer and Mar Reguant

32087: Constructing Quarterly Chinese Time Series Usable for Macroeconomic Analysis

Kaiji Chen, Patrick C. Higgins and Tao Zha

32086: The Economic Impact of Heritable Physical Traits: Hot Parents, Rich Kid?

Daniel S. Hamermesh and Anwen Zhang

32085: Value Chain Microfinance

Lorenzo Casaburi and Jack Willis

32084: The Predictive Power of the Term Spread and Financial Variables for Economic Activity across Countries

Menzie Chinn and Laurent Ferrara

32083: The Effects of Immigration in a Developing Country: Brazil in the Age of Mass Migration

David Escamilla-Guerrero, Andrea Papadia and Ariell Zimran

32082: Help for the Heartland? The Employment and Electoral Effects of the Trump Tariffs in the United States

David Autor, Anne Beck, David Dorn and Gordon Hanson

32081: Export-Platform FDI: Cannibalization or Complementarity?

Pol Antras, Evgenii Fadeev, Teresa Fort and Felix Tintelnot

32080: Durables and Size-Dependence in the Marginal Propensity to Spend

Martin Beraja and Nathan Zorzi

32079: User Rights for Ocean Ecosystem Conservation

Gary Libecap

32078: Happiness Dynamics, Reference Dependence, and Motivated Beliefs in U.S. Presidential Elections

Miles Kimball, Collin B. Raymond, Jiannan Zhou, Junya Zhou, Fumio Ohtake and Yoshiro Tsutsui

32077: Diminishing Marginal Utility Revisited

Miles Kimball, Daniel Reck, Fudong Zhang, Fumio Ohtake and Yoshiro Tsutsui

32076: Human Capital by Gender: a G20 and Selected Geographies Perspective

Barbara M. Fraumeni, Gang Liu and Shunsuke Managi

32075: Do Patients Value High-Quality Medical Care? Experimental Evidence from Malaria Diagnosis and Treatment

Carolina Lopez, Anja Sautmann and Simone G. Schaner

32074: Employer-Based Short-Term Savings Accounts

Sarah Holmes Berk, John Beshears, Jay Garg, James Choi and David Laibson

32073: Ends versus Means: Kantians, Utilitarians, and Moral Decisions

Roland Benabou, Armin Falk and Luca Henkel

32072: Import Constraints

Diego Comin, Robert Johnson and Callum Jones

32071: UI Benefit Generosity and Labor Supply from 2002-2020

Alex Bell, Hedin Tj, Geoffrey C. Schnorr and Till von Wachter

32070: Money Isn’t Everything: Estimating the Prestige Value of Winning Cutthroat Kitchen from Overbidding in Sabotage Auctions

Meg Snyder, Daniel Bragen, Matthew Rousu and Christopher M. Snyder

32069: The Wandering Scholars: Understanding the Heterogeneity of University Commercialization

Josh Lerner, Henry J. Manley, Carolyn Stein and Heidi Williams

32068: Principal Component Analysis for a Mix of Stationary and Nonstationary Variables

James D. Hamilton, Xinwei Ma and Jin Xi

32067: Age at Immigrant Arrival and Career Mobility: Evidence from Vietnamese Refugee Migration and the Amerasian Homecoming Act

Sari Pekkala Kerr, William Kerr and Kendall E. Smith

32066: Deadlines Versus Continuous Incentives: Evidence from the Patent Office

Michael D. Frakes and Melissa F. Wasserman

32065: Regularization from Economic Constraints: A New Estimator for Marginal Emissions

Stephen P. Holland, Erin Mansur, Valentin Verdier and Andrew Yates

32064: What Do Shareholders Want? Consumer Welfare and the Objective of the Firm

Keith Ericson

32063: Cool cities: The value of urban trees

Lu Han, Stephan Heblich, Christopher Timmins and Yanos Zylberberg

32062: Technology and the Global Economy

Jonathan Eaton and Samuel Kortum

32061: The Gender Minority Gaps in Confidence and Self-Evaluation

Billur Aksoy, Christine L. Exley and Judd B. Kessler

32060: The Changing Nature of Pollution, Income, and Environmental Inequality in the United States

Jonathan Colmer, Suvy Qin, John L. Voorheis and Reed Walker

32059: Quantifying the Social Value of a Universal COVID-19 Vaccine and Incentivizing Its Development

Rachel Glennerster, Thomas Kelly, Claire T. McMahon and Christopher M. Snyder

32058: Do Earmarks Target Low-Income and Minority Communities? Evidence from US Drinking Water

David A. Keiser, Bhashkar Mazumder, David Molitor, Joseph S. Shapiro and Brant J. Walker

32057: The Anatomy of Concentration: New Evidence From a Unified Framework

Kenneth Ahern, Lei Kong and Xinyan Yan

32056: Capital, Ideas, and the Costs of Financial Frictions

Pablo Ottonello and Thomas Winberry

32055: Thick Market Externalities and the Persistence of the Opioid Epidemic

David Cutler and J. Travis Donahoe

32054: Stacked Difference-in-Differences

Coady Wing, Seth Freedman and Alex Hollingsworth

32053: Central Banks, Stock Markets, and the Real Economy

Ricardo Caballero and Alp Simsek

32052: Tech-Driven Intermediation in the Originate-to-Distribute Model

Zhiguo He, Sheila Jiang and Douglas Xu

32051: Sorting under Risk Sharing and Complementarities

Hector Chade and Ilse Lindenlaub

32050: The Economics of Information in a World of Disinformation: A Survey Part 2: Direct Communication

Joseph Stiglitz and Andrew Kosenko

32049: The Economics of Information in a World of Disinformation: A Survey Part 1: Indirect Communication

Joseph Stiglitz and Andrew Kosenko

32048: Digital Information Provision and Behavior Change: Lessons from Six Experiments in East Africa

Raissa Fabregas, Michael Kremer, Matthew Lowes, Robert On and Giulia Zane

32047: Using Satellite Imagery to Detect the Impacts of New Highways: An Application to India

Kathryn Baragwanath Vogel, Gordon Hanson, Amit Khandelwal, Chen Liu and Hogeun Park

32046: Religious Conversion across Countries

Robert Barro and Rachel M. McCleary

32045: The Impact of Comprehensive Student Support on Crime: Evidence from the Pathways to Education Program

Adam Lavecchia, Philip Oreopoulos and Noah Spencer

32044: The Puzzling Behavior of Spreads during Covid

Stelios S. Fourakis and Loukas Karabarbounis

32043: Stated Preference Estimates of the Average Social Cost of Carbon

Matthew Ashenfarb and Matthew Kotchen

32042: Local Variation in Onsite Work during the Pandemic and its Aftermath

Katharine Abraham, Mohammad Ashoori, Aref Darzi, Nathalie Gonzalez, John C. Haltiwanger, Aliakbar Kabiri and Erkut Ozbay

32041: Is the Electricity Sector a Weak Link in Development?

Jonathan Colmer, David Lagakos and Martin Shu

32040: What Works and For Whom? Effectiveness and Efficiency of School Capital Investments Across The U.S

Barbara Biasi, Julien M. Lafortune and David Schönholzer

32039: A Scalable Approach to High-Impact Tutoring for Young Readers: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Kalena Cortes, Karen Kortecamp, Susanna Loeb and Carly Robinson

32038: Bootstrap Diagnostics for Irregular Estimators

Isaiah Andrews and Jesse M. Shapiro

32037: Trade Barriers and Market Power: Evidence from Argentina's Discretionary Import Restrictions

David Atkin, Joaquin Blaum, Pablo D. Fajgelbaum and Augusto Ospital

32036: The Modern Wholesaler: Global Sourcing, Domestic Distribution, and Scale Economies

Sharat Ganapati

32035: Migration, Climate Similarity, and the Consequences of Climate Mismatch

Marguerite Obolensky, Marco Tabellini and Charles Taylor

32034: Fiscal Stimulus, Deposit Competition, and the Rise of Shadow Banking: Evidence from China

Viral Acharya, Jun Qian, Yang Su and Zhishu Yang

32033: Uncertainty and Individual Discretion in Allocating Research Funds

Anna Goldstein and Michael Kearney

32032: The Role of Friends in the Opioid Epidemic

Effrosyni Adamopoulou, Jeremy Greenwood, Nezih Guner and Karen Kopecky

32031: Intergenerational Mobility and Credit

J. Carter Braxton, Nisha Chikhale, Kyle F. Herkenhoff and Gordon Phillips

32030: Automation and Gender: Implications for Occupational Segregation and the Gender Skill Gap

Patricia Cortés, Ying Feng, Nicolás Guida-Johnson and Jessica Pan

32029: Price Sensitivity and Information Barriers to the Take-up of Naloxone

Mireille Jacobson and David Powell

32028: Trust and Health Care-Seeking Behavior

Michael Darden and Mario Macis

32027: Bankruptcy Exemption of Repo Markets: Too Much Today for Too Little Tomorrow?

Viral Acharya, V. Ravi Anshuman and S. Vish Viswanathan

32026: (Almost) 200 Years of News-Based Economic Sentiment

Jules van Binsbergen, Svetlana Bryzgalova, Mayukh Mukhopadhyay and Varun Sharma

32025: The Mismeasurement of Work Time: Implications for Wage Discrimination and Inequality

George Borjas and Daniel S. Hamermesh

32024: Outsourcing Policy and Worker Outcomes: Causal Evidence from a Mexican Ban

Alejandro Estefan, Roberto Gerhard, Joseph Kaboski, Illenin Kondo and Wei Qian

32023: Energy Hogs and Energy Angels: What Does Residential Electricity Usage Really Tell Us About Profligate Consumption?

Severin Borenstein

32022: Refinancing Frictions, Mortgage Pricing and Redistribution

David Berger, Konstantin Milbradt, Fabrice Tourre and Joseph Vavra

32021: Variation in State Response to Open Access: Constituent Characteristics

Gary Libecap

32020: Nonprofits and the Scope of Government: Theory and an Application to the Health Sector

Karen Eggleston

32019: EXIM’s Exit: The Real Effects of Trade Financing by Export Credit Agencies

Adrien Matray, Karsten Müller, Chenzi Xu and Poorya Kabir

32018: A Delegation Approach to Regulating Hiring Discrimination

Paolo Martellini and Guido Menzio

32017: Negative Weights are No Concern in Design-Based Specifications

Kirill Borusyak and Peter Hull

32016: The Rise of Factor Investing: "Passive" Security Design and Market Implications

Lin Cong, Shiyang Huang and Douglas Xu

32015: Disentangling Various Explanations for the Declining Labor Share: Evidence from Millions of Firm Records

Ann Harrison

32014: Patient Costs and Physicians' Information

Michael J. Dickstein, Jihye Jeon and Eduardo Morales

32013: Haste or Waste? The Role of Presale in Residential Housing

Ziyang Chen, Maggie Rong Hu, Ginger Zhe Jin and Qiyao Zhou

32012: Innovation Booms, Easy Financing, and Human Capital Accumulation

Johan Hombert and Adrien Matray