NBER Working Papers

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30411: Microequity and Mutuality: Experimental Evidence on Credit with Performance-Contingent Repayment

Francesco Cordaro, Marcel Fafchamps, Colin Mayer, Muhammad Meki, Simon Quinn and Kate Roll

30410: Everybody’s Talkin’ at Me: Levels of Majority Language Acquisition by Minority Language Speakers

William Brock, Bo Chen, Steven Durlauf and Shlomo Weber

30409: Infinite Debt Rollover in Stochastic Economies

Narayana Kocherlakota

30408: Industry Choice and within Industry Earnings Effects

Eric Brunner, Shaun Dougherty and Stephen Ross

30407: Welfare Reform and the Quality of Young Children's Home Environments

Ariel Kalil, Hope Corman, Dhaval Dave, Ofira Schwartz-Soicher and Nancy Reichman

30406: The Impacts of Crises on the Trilemma Configurations

Joshua Aizenman, Menzie Chinn and Hiro Ito

30405: A Helping Hand Goes a Long Way: Long-Term Effects of Counselling and Support to Workfare Program Participants

Gustavo Bobonis, Aneta Bonikowska, Philip Oreopoulos, W. Craig Riddell and Steven P. Ryan

30404: The Effect of College and University Endowments on Financial Aid, Admissions, and Student Composition

George Bulman

30403: Investing in Lending Technology: IT Spending in Banking

Zhiguo He, Sheila Jiang, Douglas Xu and Xiao Yin

30402: Free-Riding Yankees: Canada and the Panama Canal

Sebastian Galiani, Luis F. Jaramillo and Mateo Uribe-Castro

30401: Growth Elasticities of Poverty Reduction

Martin Ravallion

30400: Computerized Machine Tools and the Transformation of US Manufacturing

Leah Boustan, Jiwon Choi and David Clingingsmith

30399: The Steering Incentives of Gatekeepers in the Telecommunications Industry

Brian McManus, Aviv Nevo, Zachary Nolan and Jonathan W. Williams

30398: Assessing External Validity in Practice

Sebastian Galiani and Brian Quistorff

30397: Boomerang College Kids: Unemployment, Job Mismatch and Coresidence

Stefania Albanesi, Rania Gihleb and Ning Zhang

30396: Top Wealth in America: A Reexamination

Emmanuel Saez and Gabriel Zucman

30395: Popular Personal Financial Advice versus the Professors

James Choi

30394: The Small Open Economy in a Generalized Gravity Model

Svetlana Demidova, Konstantin Kucheryavyy, Takumi Naito and Andres Rodriguez-Clare

30393: Vote Early and Vote Often? Detecting Electoral Fraud from the Timing of 19th Century Elections

Francesco Ferlenga and Brian Knight

30392: The First Sale Doctrine and the Digital Challenge to Public Libraries

Imke C. Reimers and Joel Waldfogel

30391: The Governance of Non-Profits and their Social Impact: Evidence from a Randomized Program in Healthcare in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Anicet Fangwa, Caroline Flammer, Marieke Huysentruyt and Bertrand Quelin

30390: The Private Provision of Public Services: Evidence from Random Assignment in Medicaid

Danil Agafiev Macambira, Michael Geruso, Anthony Lollo, Chima D. Ndumele and Jacob Wallace

30389: New Frontiers: The Origins and Content of New Work, 1940–2018

David Autor, Caroline Chin, Anna M. Salomons and Bryan Seegmiller

30388: Does Occupational Licensing Reduce Value Creation on Digital Platforms?

Peter Q. Blair and Mischa Fisher

30387: Where Have All the Workers Gone? Recalls, Retirements, and Reallocation in the COVID Recovery

Eliza Forsythe, Lisa B. Kahn, Fabian Lange and David Wiczer

30386: The Impact of Diversity on Perceptions of Income Distribution and Preferences for Redistribution

Juliana Londoño-Vélez

30385: Family Formation and Crime

Maxim N. Massenkoff and Evan K. Rose

30384: Internal Migration in the United States: Rates, Selection, and Destination Choice, 1850-1940

Ariell Zimran

30383: Broadband Internet and the Stock Market Investments of Individual Investors

Hans K. Hvide, Tom G. Meling, Magne Mogstad and Ola Vestad

30382: Eviction and Poverty in American Cities

Robert Collinson, John Humphries, Nicholas S. Mader, Davin K. Reed, Daniel Tannenbaum and Winnie van Dijk

30381: Scared Straight? Threat and Assimilation of Refugees in Germany

Philipp Jaschke, Sulin Sardoschau and Marco Tabellini

30380: Rationing by Race

Manasvini Singh and Atheendar Venkataramani

30379: Unconditional Cash and Family Investments in Infants: Evidence from a Large-Scale Cash Transfer Experiment in the U.S

Lisa A. Gennetian, Greg Duncan, Nathan A. Fox, Katherine Magnuson, Sarah Halpern-Meekin, Kimberly G. Noble and Hirokazu Yoshikawa

30378: Not Learning from Others

John J. Conlon, Malavika Mani, Gautam Rao, Matthew Ridley and Frank Schilbach

30377: The German Model of Industrial Relations: Balancing Flexibility and Collective Action

Simon Jäger, Shakked Noy and Benjamin Schoefer

30376: A Model of Intangible Capital

Nicolas Crouzet, Janice Eberly, Andrea Eisfeldt and Dimitris Papanikolaou

30375: Why Don't We Sleep Enough? A Field Experiment Among College Students

Mallory L. Avery, Osea Giuntella and Peiran Jiao

30374: The Impact of Team Incentives on Performance in Graduate School: Evidence from Two Pilot RCTs

John List and Rohen Shah

30373: Investing in Infants: The Lasting Effects of Cash Transfers to New Families

Andrew Barr, Jonathan Eggleston and Alexander A. Smith

30372: Material Incentives and Effort Choice: Evidence from an Online Experiment Across Countries

Elwyn Davies and Marcel Fafchamps

30371: Real-Time Poverty, Material Well-Being, and the Child Tax Credit

Jeehoon Han, Bruce Meyer and James X. Sullivan

30370: Patterns, Determinants, and Consequences of Ability Tracking: Evidence from Texas Public Schools

Kate Antonovics, Sandra Black, Julie Cullen and Akiva Meiselman

30369: One Size Doesn’t Fit All: Heterogeneous Depositor Compensation During Periods of Uncertainty

Nikolaos Artavanis, Daniel Paravisini, Claudia Robles Garcia, Amit Seru and Margarita Tsoutsoura

30368: The Slaughter of the Bison and Reversal of Fortunes on the Great Plains

Donna Feir, Rob Gillezeau and Maggie Jones

30367: Trickle-Down Effects of Affirmative Action: A Case Study in France

José De Sousa and Muriel Niederle

30366: How and When are High-Frequency Stock Returns Predictable?

Yacine Ait-Sahalia, Jianqing Fan, Lirong Xue and Yifeng Zhou

30365: Estimating Labor Market Power

Jose Azar, Steven Berry and Ioana Marinescu

30364: What Makes a Program Good? Evidence from Short-Cycle Higher Education Programs in Five Developing Countries

Lelys Dinarte Diaz, Maria Marta Ferreyra, Sergio S. Urzúa and Marina Bassi

30363: Stress, Ethnicity, and Prosocial Behavior

Johannes Haushofer, Sara Lowes, Abednego Musau, David M. Ndetei, Nathan Nunn, Moritz Poll and Nancy Qian

30362: Of Academics and Creative Destruction: Startup Advantage in the Process of Innovation

Julian Kolev, Alexis Haughey, Fiona Murray and Scott Stern

30361: Does Environmental Policy Uncertainty Hinder Investments Towards a Low-Carbon Economy?

Joëlle Noailly, Laura Nowzohour and Matthias van den Heuvel

30360: Do Collusive Norms Maximize Profits? Evidence from a Vegetable Market Experiment in India

Abhijit Banerjee, Greg Fischer, Dean Karlan, Matt Lowe and Benjamin N. Roth

30359: Locus of Control and Prosocial Behavior

Mark Andor, James Cox, Andreas Gerster, Michael Price, Stephan Sommer and Lukas Tomberg

30358: What Can Time-Series Regressions Tell Us About Policy Counterfactuals?

Christian Wolf and Alisdair McKay

30357: What Do Long Data Tell Us About the Inflation Hike Post COVID-19 Pandemic?

Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe and Martín Uribe

30356: Overreaction and Diagnostic Expectations in Macroeconomics

Pedro Bordalo, Nicola Gennaioli and Andrei Shleifer

30355: Gendered Ageism and Disablism and Employment of Older Workers

Joanne S. McLaughlin and David Neumark

30354: Invention Value, Inventive Capability and the Large Firm Advantage

Ashish Arora, Wesley M. Cohen, Honggi Lee and Divya Sebastian

30353: Imagining the Future: Memory, Simulation and Beliefs about Covid

Pedro Bordalo, Giovanni Burro, Katherine B. Coffman, Nicola Gennaioli and Andrei Shleifer

30352: Corporate Political Spending and State Tax Policy: Evidence from Citizens United

Cailin R. Slattery, Alisa Tazhitdinova and Sarah Robinson

30351: Consumer Demand with Social Influences: Evidence from an E-Commerce Platform

El Hadi Caoui, Chiara Farronato, John J. Horton and Robert Schultz

30350: Genetic Endowments, Income Dynamics, and Wealth Accumulation Over the Lifecycle

Daniel Barth, Nicholas Papageorge, Kevin Thom and Mateo Velásquez-Giraldo

30349: Agency, Gender, and Endowments Effects in the Efficiency and Equity of Team Allocation Decisions

Marcel Fafchamps and Bereket Kebede

30348: Externalities in the Wildland - Urban Interface: Private Decisions, Collective Action, and Results from Wildfire Simulation Models for California

Howard Kunreuther, Artem Demidov, Mark Pauly, Matija Turcic and Michael Wilson

30347: Dynamic Price Competition: Theory and Evidence from Airline Markets

Jose M. Betancourt, Ali Hortaçsu, Aniko Oery and Kevin Williams

30346: Causal Narratives

Chad Kendall and Constantin Charles

30345: Overconfidence and Technology Adoption in Health Care

Diego Comin, Jonathan S. Skinner and Douglas O. Staiger

30344: Scapegoating and Discrimination in Times of Crisis: Evidence from Airbnb

Michael Luca, Elizaveta Pronkina and Michelangelo Rossi

30343: The Next Wave of Energy Innovation: Which Technologies? Which Skills?

David Popp, Francesco Vona, Myriam Gregoire-Zawilski and Giovanni Marin

30342: How Worker Productivity and Wages Grow with Tenure and Experience: The Firm Perspective

Andrew Caplin, Minjoon Lee, Søren Leth-Petersen, Johan Saeverud and Matthew D. Shapiro

30341: Intergenerational Spillover Effects of Language Training for Refugees

Mette Foged, Linea Hasager, Giovanni Peri, Jacob Arendt and Iben Bolvig

30340: Bank Liquid Assets, the Portfolio Motive, and Capital Requirements

René M. Stulz, Alvaro G. Taboada and Mathijs van Dijk

30339: The Benefits and Costs of U.S. Employer COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates

Maddalena Ferranna, Lisa Robinson, Daniel Cadarette, Michael Eber and David Bloom

30338: Climate Change Around the World

Per Krusell and Anthony A. Smith

30337: The Macroeconomic Consequences of Natural Rate Shocks: An Empirical Investigation

Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe and Martín Uribe

30336: Internationalizing Like China

Christopher Clayton, Amanda Dos Santos, Matteo Maggiori and Jesse Schreger

30335: Lessons from U.S.-China Trade Relations

Lorenzo Caliendo and Fernando Parro

30334: Superiority-Seeking and the Preference for Exclusion

Alex Imas and Kristóf Madarász

30333: Noisy Foresight

Anujit Chakraborty and Chad Kendall

30332: Green Energy Jobs in the US: What Are They, and Where Are They?

E Curtis and Ioana Marinescu

30331: The Returns to College Major Choice: Average and Distributional Effects, Career Trajectories, and Earnings Variability

Rodney J. Andrews, Scott Imberman, Michael Lovenheim and Kevin M. Stange

30330: Depression and Loneliness Among the Elderly Poor

Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo, Erin Grela, Madeline McKelway, Frank Schilbach, Garima Sharma and Girija Vaidyanathan

30329: Unconventional Monetary Policy According to HANK

Eric R. Sims, Jing Cynthia Wu and Ji Zhang

30328: Fiscal Histories

John Cochrane

30327: Independent Contracting, Self-Employment, and Gig Work: Evidence from California Tax Data

Annette Bernhardt, Christopher Campos, Allen Prohofsky, Aparna Ramesh and Jesse Rothstein

30326: The Political Economy of the Decline of Antitrust Enforcement in the United States

Filippo Lancieri, Eric A. Posner and Luigi Zingales

30325: Quality Regulation and Competition: Evidence from Pharmaceutical Markets

Juan Pablo Atal, José Ignacio Cuesta and Morten Sæthre

30324: China's Financial System and Economy: A Review

Zhiguo He and Wei Wei

30323: When the Kids Grow Up: Women's Employment and Earnings across the Family Cycle

Claudia Goldin, Sari Pekkala Kerr and Claudia Olivetti

30322: The Wage Curve After the Great Recession

David Blanchflower, Alex Bryson and Jackson Spurling

30321: Taxing Externalities: Revenue vs. Welfare Gains with an Application to U.S. Carbon Taxes

Matthew Kotchen

30320: Do Funding Agencies Select and Enable Risky Research: Evidence from ERC Using Novelty as a Proxy of Risk Taking

Reinhilde Veugelers, Jian Wang and Paula Stephan

30319: Origins of International Factor Structures

Zhengyang Jiang and Robert Richmond

30318: Non-Tariff Barriers in the U.S.-China Trade War

Tuo Chen, Chang-Tai Hsieh and Zheng Michael Song

30317: Globotics and Macroeconomics: Globalisation and Automation of the Service Sector

Richard Baldwin

30316: Fertility and Labor Market Responses to Reductions in Mortality

Sonia Bhalotra, Atheendar Venkataramani and Selma Walther

30315: Spending and Job-Finding Impacts of Expanded Unemployment Benefits: Evidence from Administrative Micro Data

Peter Ganong, Fiona E. Greig, Pascal J. Noel, Daniel M. Sullivan and Joseph Vavra

30314: Social Capital II: Determinants of Economic Connectedness

Raj Chetty, Matthew Jackson, Theresa Kuchler, Johannes Stroebel, Nathaniel Hendren, Robert B. Fluegge, Sara Gong, Federico Gonzalez, Armelle Grondin, Matthew Jacob, Drew Johnston, Martin Koenen, Eduardo Laguna-Muggenburg, Florian Mudekereza, Tom Rutter, Nicolaj Thor, Wilbur Townsend, Ruby Zhang, Mike Bailey, Pablo Barberá, Monica Bhole and Nils Wernerfelt

30313: Social Capital I: Measurement and Associations with Economic Mobility

Raj Chetty, Matthew Jackson, Theresa Kuchler, Johannes Stroebel, Nathaniel Hendren, Robert B. Fluegge, Sara Gong, Federico González, Armelle Grondin, Matthew Jacob, Drew Johnston, Martin Koenen, Eduardo Laguna-Muggenburg, Florian Mudekereza, Tom Rutter, Nicolaj Thor, Wilbur Townsend, Ruby Zhang, Mike Bailey, Pablo Barberá, Monica Bhole and Nils Wernerfelt

30312: The Impact of the Clean Air Act on Particulate Matter in the 1970s

Maureen Cropper, Nicholas Muller, Yongjoon Park and Victoria Perez-Zetune