NBER Working Papers

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21302: Can Bureaucrats Really Be Paid Like CEOs? School Administrator Incentives for Anemia Reduction in Rural China

Renfu Luo, Grant Miller, Scott Rozelle, Sean Sylvia and Marcos Vera-Hernandez

21301: Self-Protection Investment Exacerbates Air Pollution Exposure Inequality in Urban China

Siqi Zheng, Cong Sun and Matthew Kahn

21300: The Effects of Earnings Disclosure on College Enrollment Decisions

Justine Hastings, Christopher Neilson and Seth Zimmerman

21299: Assessing the Effects of the MFA/ATC from US and World Trade Data after Its Removal

Daqing Yao and John Whalley

21298: Subsidy Design in Privately-Provided Social Insurance: Lessons from Medicare Part D

Francesco Decarolis, Maria Polyakova and Stephen Ryan

21297: Why Work More? The Impact of Taxes, and Culture of Leisure on Labor Supply in Europe

Naci Mocan and Luiza Pogorelova

21296: Recent Declines in Labor's Share in US Income: A Preliminary Neoclassical Account

Robert Lawrence

21295: Knowledge Capital and Aggregate Income Differences: Development Accounting for U.S. States

Eric Hanushek, Jens Ruhose and Ludger Woessmann

21294: Sentiments, Financial Markets, and Macroeconomic Fluctuations

Jess Benhabib, Xuewen Liu and Pengfei Wang

21293: Illinois Pensions in a Fiscal Context: A (Basket) Case Study

Jeffrey Brown and Richard F. Dye

21292: On the Effect of the Costs of Operating Formally: New Experimental Evidence

Sebastian Galiani, Marcela Meléndez and Camila Navajas-Ahumada

21291: Environmental Benefits from Driving Electric Vehicles?

Stephen Holland, Erin Mansur, Nicholas Muller and Andrew Yates

21290: Hospitals as Insurers of Last Resort

Craig Garthwaite, Tal Gross and Matthew Notowidigdo

21289: Can Employment Reduce Lawlessness and Rebellion? A Field Experiment with High-Risk Men in a Fragile State

Christopher Blattman and Jeannie Annan

21288: Compassion or Cash: Evaluating Survey Response Incentives and Valuing Public Goods

V. Smith, Sharon L. Harlan, Michael McLaen, Jacob Fishman, Carlos Valcarcel and Marcia Nation

21287: Growing Up to Stability? Financial Globalization, Financial Development and Financial Crises

Michael Bordo and Christopher Meissner

21286: Dark Trading at the Midpoint: Pricing Rules, Order Flow, and High Frequency Liquidity Provision

Robert P. Bartlett, III and Justin McCrary

21285: Cheap Talk, Round Numbers, and the Economics of Negotiation

Matthew Backus, Thomas Blake and Steven Tadelis

21284: The Accumulation of Human and Nonhuman Capital, Revisited

Barbara M. Fraumeni, Michael S. Christian and Jon D. Samuels

21283: Choosing a Human Capital Measure: Educational Attainment Gaps and Rankings

Barbara M. Fraumeni

21282: Core Inflation and Trend Inflation

James Stock and Mark Watson

21281: Comovement Revisited

Honghui Chen, Vijay Singal and Robert F. Whitelaw

21280: Debt into Growth: How Sovereign Debt Accelerated the First Industrial Revolution

Jaume Ventura and Hans-Joachim Voth

21279: Suicide, Age, and Wellbeing: an Empirical Investigation

Anne Case and Angus Deaton

21278: Financing Entrepreneurial Experimentation

Ramana Nanda and Matthew Rhodes-Kropf

21277: Biological Health Risks and Economic Development

Elizabeth Frankenberg, Jessica Y. Ho and Duncan Thomas

21276: Discounting Pension Liabilities: Funding versus Value

Jeffrey Brown and George Pennacchi

21275: How Much Can Expanding Access to Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives Reduce Teen Birth Rates?

Jason Lindo and Analisa Packham

21274: The Political Economy of Trade and International Labor Mobility

Sebastian Galiani and Gustavo Torrens

21273: Partisan Conflict and Private Investment

Marina Azzimonti

21272: Time-Inconsistency and Saving: Experimental Evidence from Low-Income Tax Filers

Damon Jones and Aprajit Mahajan

21271: What Do University Endowment Managers Worry About? An Analysis of Alternative Asset Investments and Background Income

Harvey Rosen and Alexander J. W. Sappington

21270: Medical Spending of the U.S. Elderly

Mariacristina De Nardi, Eric French, John Jones and Jeremy McCauley

21269: Simulating Russia’s and Other Large Economies’ Challenging and Interconnected Transitions

Seth Benzell, Eugene Goryunov, Maria Kazakova, Laurence Kotlikoff, Guillermo LaGarda, Kristina Nesterova and Andrey Zubarev

21268: Savings After Retirement: A Survey

Mariacristina De Nardi, Eric French and John Jones

21267: The Gordon Gekko Effect: The Role of Culture in the Financial Industry

Andrew Lo

21266: The Mortality Cost of Political Connections

Raymond Fisman and Yongxiang Wang

21265: Single-Issue Campaigns and Multidimensional Politics

Georgy Egorov

21264: Shaming Tax Delinquents

Ricardo Perez-Truglia and Ugo antonio Troiano

21263: Watersheds in Child Mortality: The Role of Effective Water and Sewerage Infrastructure, 1880 to 1920

Marcella Alsan and Claudia Goldin

21262: Labor Market Networks and Recovery from Mass Layoffs: Evidence from the Great Recession Period

Judith Hellerstein, Mark Kutzbach and David Neumark

21261: A New Look at the U.S. Foreclosure Crisis: Panel Data Evidence of Prime and Subprime Borrowers from 1997 to 2012

Fernando Ferreira and Joseph Gyourko

21260: Expectations and Investment

Nicola Gennaioli, Yueran Ma and Andrei Shleifer

21259: Strategic Policy Choice in State-Level Regulation: The EPA's Clean Power Plan

James Bushnell, Stephen Holland, Jonathan Hughes and Christopher Knittel

21258: Customers and Investors: A Framework for Understanding Financial Institutions

Robert Merton and Richard Thakor

21257: Welfare Rules, Incentives, and Family Structure

Robert Moffitt, Brian J. Phelan and Anne Winkler

21256: Charter Schools: A Survey of Research on Their Characteristics and Effectiveness

Dennis Epple, Richard Romano and Ron Zimmer

21255: House Price Volatility and the Housing Ladder

James Banks, Richard Blundell, Zoe Oldfield and James Smith

21254: Corps Intermédiaires, Civil Society, and the Art of Association

Jacob T. Levy

21253: How Important Are Terms Of Trade Shocks?

Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe and Martín Uribe

21252: Declining Desire to Work and Downward Trends in Unemployment and Participation

Régis Barnichon and Andrew Figura

21251: Linkages and Economic Development

Dominick Bartelme and Yuriy Gorodnichenko

21250: The Political Economy of European Integration

Enrico Spolaore

21249: Sample-selection biases and the “industrialization puzzle”

Howard Bodenhorn, Timothy Guinnane and Thomas Mroz

21248: Estimating the Impacts of Program Benefits: Using Instrumental Variables with Underreported and Imputed Data

Melvin Stephens and Takashi Unayama

21247: Innovation and Top Income Inequality

Philippe Aghion, Ufuk Akcigit, Antonin Bergeaud, Richard Blundell and David Hemous

21246: Intellectual Property Rights and Innovation: Evidence from Health Care Markets

Heidi Williams

21245: Cross-border Acquisitions and Labor Regulations

Ross Levine, Chen Lin and Beibei Shen

21244: Trends and Cycles in China's Macroeconomy

Chun Chang, Kaiji Chen, Daniel Waggoner and Tao Zha

21243: Facts and Fantasies about Commodity Futures Ten Years Later

Geetesh Bhardwaj, Gary Gorton and K. Rouwenhorst

21242: Ancestry, Language and Culture

Enrico Spolaore and Romain Wacziarg

21241: Reviving the Limit Cycle View of Macroeconomic Fluctuations

Paul Beaudry, Dana Galizia and Franck Portier

21240: Mental Health Stigma

Prashant Bharadwaj, Mallesh M. Pai and Agne Suziedelyte

21239: The Impact of Pharmaceutical Innovation on Premature Cancer Mortality in Canada, 2000-2011

Frank Lichtenberg

21238: How Large is the Stock Component of Human Capital?

Mark Huggett and Greg Kaplan

21237: International Organizations and Structural Reforms

Sebastian Galiani, Iván Torre and Gustavo Torrens

21236: Who is Internationally Diversified? Evidence from 296 401(k)

Geert Bekaert, Kenton Hoyem, Wei-Yin Hu and Enrichetta Ravina

21235: Cyclical Reallocation of Workers Across Employers by Firm Size and Firm Wage

John Haltiwanger, Henry Hyatt and Erika McEntarfer

21234: The Term Structure of Returns: Facts and Theory

Jules van Binsbergen and Ralph Koijen

21233: An Overview of the Stratified Economics of Stratified Medicine

Mark R. Trusheim and Ernst R. Berndt

21232: Admitting Students to Selective Education Programs: Merit, Profiling, and Affirmative Action

Dario Cestau, Dennis Epple and Holger Sieg

21231: Majority Choice of Tax Systems in Single- and Multi-Jurisdictional Economies

Stephen Calabrese, Dennis Epple and Richard Romano

21230: The Big Sort: College Reputation and Labor Market Outcomes

W. Bentley Macleod, Evan Riehl, Juan E. Saavedra and Miguel Urquiola

21229: Early Childhood Education by MOOC: Lessons from Sesame Street

Melissa Kearney and Phillip Levine

21228: Natural Experiments in Macroeconomics

Nicola Fuchs-Schuendeln and Tarek Hassan

21227: The Long-Term Effects of Hedge Fund Activism

Lucian Bebchuk, Alon Brav and Wei Jiang

21226: Different Types of Central Bank Insolvency and the Central Role of Seignorage

Ricardo Reis

21225: Does Exporting Improve Matching? Evidence from French Employer-Employee Data

Matilde Bombardini, Gianluca Orefice and Maria D. Tito

21224: Financial Markets where Traders Neglect the Informational Content of Prices

Erik Eyster, Matthew Rabin and Dimitri Vayanos

21223: The Stress Cost of Children

Hielke Buddelmeyer, Daniel Hamermesh and Mark Wooden

21222: Upcoding: Evidence from Medicare on Squishy Risk Adjustment

Michael Geruso and Timothy Layton

21221: War and Inflation in the United States from the Revolution to the First Iraq War

Hugh Rockoff

21220: Balance-Sheet Households and Fiscal Stimulus: Lessons from the Payroll Tax Cut and Its Expiration

Claudia Sahm, Matthew Shapiro and Joel Slemrod

21219: Procuring Firm Growth: The Effects of Government Purchases on Firm Dynamics

Claudio Ferraz, Frederico Finan and Dimitri Szerman

21218: Physician Practice Style and Patient Health Outcomes: The Case of Heart Attacks

Janet Currie, W. Bentley Macleod and Jessica Van Parys

21217: The Great Escape: Intergenerational Mobility in the United States Since 1940

Nathaniel Hilger

21216: Job Loss in the Great Recession and its Aftermath: U.S. Evidence from the Displaced Workers Survey

Henry S. Farber

21215: Crime, Punishment and the Halo Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility

Harrison Hong and Inessa Liskovich

21214: Socioeconomic Status and Learning from Financial Information

Camelia Kuhnen and Andrei C. Miu

21213: An Economic Rationale for the African Scramble: The Commercial Transition and the Commodity Price Boom of 1845-1885

Ewout Frankema, Jeffrey Williamson and Pieter Woltjer

21212: Structural Gravity and Fixed Effects

Thibault Fally

21211: The Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)

Austin Nichols and Jesse Rothstein

21210: The Making of Homo Honoratus: From Omission to Commission

Michael Hallsworth, John List, Robert Metcalfe and Ivo Vlaev

21209: The Supplemental Security Income (SSI) Program

Mark Duggan, Melissa Kearney and Stephanie Rennane

21208: The Political Economy of State and Local Investment in Pre-K Programs

Matthew Kahn and Kyle Barron

21207: Optimal Taxation and Human Capital Policies over the Life Cycle

Stefanie Stantcheva

21206: Causal Effects of Mental Health Treatment on Education Outcomes for Youth in the Justice System

Alison Evans Cuellar and Dhaval Dave

21205: The Political Economy of Public Income Volatility: With an Application to the Resource Curse

James Robinson, Ragnar Torvik and Thierry Verdier

21204: Reducing crime and violence: Experimental evidence from cognitive behavioral therapy in Liberia

Christopher Blattman, Julian C. Jamison and Margaret Sheridan

21203: Household Debt and Defaults from 2000 to 2010: Facts from Credit Bureau Data

Atif Mian and Amir Sufi