NBER Working Papers

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27827: Expanding the Measurement of Culture with a Sample of Two Billion Humans

Nick Obradovich, Ömer Özak, Ignacio Martín, Ignacio Ortuño-Ortín, Edmond Awad, Manuel Cebrián, Rubén Cuevas, Klaus Desmet, Iyad Rahwan and Ángel Cuevas

27826: Optimal Financial Transaction Taxes

Eduardo Davila

27825: Dissertators with Distantly Related Foci Face Divergent Near-Term Outcomes

Kevin M. Kniffin, Andrew Hanks, Xuechao Qian, Bo Wang and Bruce Weinberg

27824: Venture Capitalists and COVID-19

Paul Gompers, Will Gornall, Steven N. Kaplan and Ilya Strebulaev

27823: Intergenerational Mobility in Socio-emotional Skills

Orazio Attanasio, Aureo de Paula and Alessandro Toppeta

27822: Abstentions and Social Networks in Congress

Marco Battaglini, Valerio Leone Sciabolazza and Eleonora Patacchini

27821: Trade and Geography

Stephen Redding

27820: Economic Agents as Imperfect Problem Solvers

Cosmin Ilut and Rosen Valchev

27819: Monetary Policy Surprises and Exchange Rate Behavior

Refet Gürkaynak, Hakan Kara, Burçin Kısacıkoğlu and Sang Seok Lee

27818: On the Origins of Gender-Biased Behavior: The Role of Explicit and Implicit Stereotypes

Eliana Avitzour, Adi Choen, Daphna Joel and Victor Lavy

27817: Do Black and Indigenous Communities Receive their Fair Share of Vaccines Under the 2018 CDC Guidelines?

Parag Pathak, Harald Schmidt, Adam Solomon, Edwin Song, Tayfun Sönmez and Utku Unver

27816: My Taxes are Too Darn High: Why Do Households Protest their Taxes?

Brad C. Nathan, Ricardo Perez-Truglia and Alejandro Zentner

27815: Liquidity Transformation and Fragility in the US Banking Sector

Qi Chen, Itay Goldstein, Zeqiong Huang and Rahul Vashishtha

27814: Unemployment Disrupts Sleep

David Blanchflower and Alex Bryson

27813: The Contagion Externality of a Superspreading Event: The Sturgis Motorcycle Rally and COVID-19

Dhaval Dave, Andrew Friedson, Drew McNichols and Joseph J. Sabia

27812: Child Development in the Early Years: Parental Investment and the Changing Dynamics of Different Dimensions

Orazio Attanasio, Raquel Bernal, Michele Giannola and Milagros Nores

27811: What Explains the Gap in Welfare Use among Immigrants and Natives?

Xiaoning Huang, Neeraj Kaushal and Julia Shu-Huah Wang

27810: Token-Based Platform Finance

Lin Cong, Ye Li and Neng Wang

27809: The Fed Takes on Corporate Credit Risk: An Analysis of the Efficacy of the SMCCF

Simon Gilchrist, Bin Wei, Vivian Yue and Egon Zakrajšek

27808: On the Origins of the Idea of Ending Poverty

Martin Ravallion

27807: Reservation Wages and Workers’ Valuation of Job Flexibility: Evidence from a Natural Field Experiment

Kuan-Ming Chen, Claire Ding, John List and Magne Mogstad

27806: Measuring the Cost of Living in Mexico and the US

David Argente, Chang-Tai Hsieh and Munseob Lee

27805: Disease, Downturns, and Wellbeing: Economic History and the Long-Run Impacts of COVID-19

Vellore Arthi and John Parman

27804: Is the Rise in Illicit Opioids Affecting Labor Supply and Disability Claiming Rates?

Sujeong Park and David Powell

27803: Linguistic Metrics for Patent Disclosure: Evidence from University Versus Corporate Patents

Nancy Kong, Uwe Dulleck, Adam Jaffe, Shupeng Sun and Sowmya Vajjala

27802: On the Use of Outcome Tests for Detecting Bias in Decision Making

Ivan Canay, Magne Mogstad and Jack Mountjoy

27801: Coasean Approaches to Ending Overfishing: Bigeye Tuna Conservation in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean

Daniel Ovando, Gary Libecap, Katherine D. Millage and Lennon Thomas

27800: Communication and the Beliefs of Economic Agents

Bernardo Candia, Olivier Coibion and Yuriy Gorodnichenko

27799: Large Learning Gains in Pockets of Extreme Poverty: Experimental Evidence from Guinea Bissau

Ila Fazzio, Alex Eble, Robin L. Lumsdaine, Peter Boone, Baboucarr Bouy, Pei-Tseng Jenny Hsieh, Chitra Jayanty, Simon Johnson and Ana Filipa Silva

27798: The Costs of Employment Segregation: Evidence from the Federal Government under Woodrow Wilson

Abhay Aneja and Guo Xu

27797: Correcting for Misclassified Binary Regressors Using Instrumental Variables

Steven Haider and Melvin Stephens

27796: The Social Safety Net in the Wake of COVID-19

Marianne Bitler, Hilary Hoynes and Diane Schanzenbach

27795: Growing Like China: Firm Performance and Global Production Line Position

Davin Chor, Kalina Manova and Zhihong Yu

27794: The Great Lockdown and the Big Stimulus: Tracing the Pandemic Possibility Frontier for the U.S

Greg Kaplan, Benjamin Moll and Giovanni Violante

27793: An Optimal Test for Strategic Interaction in Social and Economic Network Formation between Heterogeneous Agents

Andrin Pelican and Bryan Graham

27792: Who's In and Who's Out under Workplace COVID Symptom Screening?

Krista Ruffini, Aaron Sojourner and Abigail Wozniak

27791: Who are the Essential and Frontline Workers?

Francine Blau, Josefine Koebe and Pamela A. Meyerhofer

27790: Clean Air as an Experience Good in Urban China

Matthew Kahn, Weizeng Sun and Siqi Zheng

27789: Does Gender Matter for Promotion in Science? Evidence from Physicists in France

Jacques Mairesse, Michele Pezzoni and Fabiana Visentin

27788: Paid Leave Pays Off: The Effects of Paid Family Leave on Firm Performance

Benjamin Bennett, Isil Erel, Léa H. Stern and Zexi Wang

27787: Declining Business Dynamism among Our Best Opportunities: The Role of the Burden of Knowledge

Thomas Astebro, Serguey Braguinsky and Yuheng Ding

27786: Manufacturing Risk-free Government Debt

Zhengyang Jiang, Hanno Lustig, Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh and Mindy Xiaolan

27785: The Social Determinants of Choice Quality: Evidence from Health Insurance in the Netherlands

Benjamin R. Handel, Jonathan Kolstad, Thomas Minten and Johannes Spinnewijn

27784: What Explains the COVID-19 Stock Market?

Josue Cox, Daniel Greenwald and Sydney Ludvigson

27783: Does Increasing Access to Formal Credit Reduce Payday Borrowing?

Sarah Miller and Cindy K. Soo

27782: Shale Shocked: Cash Windfalls and Household Debt Repayment

J. Anthony Cookson, Erik P. Gilje and Rawley Heimer

27781: Using Taxes to Meet an Emission Target

Robert Harris and William Pizer

27780: Test Sensitivity for Infection versus Infectiousness of SARS-CoV-2

Joshua Gans

27779: Affirmative Action and Pre-College Human Capital

Mitra Akhtari, Natalie Bau and Jean-William Laliberté

27778: Immigration and Entrepreneurship in the United States

Pierre Azoulay, Benjamin Jones, J. Daniel Kim and Javier Miranda

27777: Tracing the Linkages Between Scientific Research and Energy Innovations: A Comparison of Clean and Dirty Technologies

Robert K. Perrons, Adam Jaffe and Trinh Le

27776: Rugged Individualism and Collective (In)action During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Samuel Bazzi, Martin Fiszbein and Mesay Gebresilasse

27775: Perinatal Health among 1 Million Chinese-Americans

Douglas Almond and Yi Cheng

27774: The Fractured-Land Hypothesis

Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde, Mark Koyama, Youhong Lin and Tuan-Hwee Sng

27773: The Long-Term Distributional and Welfare Effects of Covid-19 School Closures

Nicola Fuchs-Schündeln, Dirk Krueger, Alexander Ludwig and Irina Popova

27772: Winners and Losers from Sovereign Debt Inflows

Fernando Broner, Alberto Martin, Lorenzo Pandolfi and Tomas Williams

27771: How to Estimate a VAR after March 2020

Michele Lenza and Giorgio Primiceri

27770: Clearing the Bar: Improving Tax Compliance for Small Firms through Target Setting

Yazan Al-Karablieh, Evangelos Koumanakos and Stefanie Stantcheva

27769: Board Dynamics over the Startup Life Cycle

Michael Ewens and Nadya Malenko

27768: Effective Demand Failures and the Limits of Monetary Stabilization Policy

Michael Woodford

27767: To Stay or to Migrate? When Becker Meets Harris-Todaro

Pei-Ju Liao, Ping Wang, Yin-Chi Wang and Chong Yip

27766: Economic Aspects of the Energy Transition

Geoffrey Heal

27765: Unpaired Kidney Exchange: Overcoming Double Coincidence of Wants without Money

Mohammad Akbarpour, Julien Combe, YingHua He, Victor Hiller, Robert Shimer and Olivier Tercieux

27764: The Impact of Migration Controls on Urban Fiscal Policies and the Intergenerational Transmission of Human Capital in China

Holger Sieg, Chamna Yoon and Jipeng Zhang

27763: Monetary Stimulus Amidst the Infrastructure Investment Spree: Evidence from China's Loan-Level Data

Kaiji Chen, Haoyu Gao, Patrick Higgins, Daniel Waggoner and Tao Zha

27762: What Difference Does a Health Plan Make? Evidence from Random Plan Assignment in Medicaid

Michael Geruso, Timothy Layton and Jacob Wallace

27761: Racial Disparities in Motor Vehicle Searches Cannot Be Justified by Efficiency

Benjamin Feigenberg and Conrad Miller

27760: What Can Economics Say About Alzheimer's Disease?

Amitabh Chandra, Courtney Coile and Corina Mommaerts

27759: Is the Cure Worse than the Disease? County-Level Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes, Neeraj Kaushal and Ashley N. Muchow

27758: Jacks of All Trades and Masters of One: Declining Search Frictions and Unequal Growth

Paolo Martellini and Guido Menzio

27757: Modern Infectious Diseases: Macroeconomic Impacts and Policy Responses

David Bloom, Michael Kuhn and Klaus Prettner

27756: An Instrumental Variable Approach to Dynamic Models

Steven Berry and Giovanni Compiani

27755: Monopsony in Movers: The Elasticity of Labor Supply to Firm Wage Policies

Ihsaan Bassier, Arindrajit Dube and Suresh Naidu

27754: Centrino and the Restructuring of WI-FI Supply

Roberto Fontana and Shane Greenstein

27753: Stable Income, Stable Family

Jason Lindo, Krishna Regmi and Isaac Swensen

27752: Business Incomes at the Top

Wojciech Kopczuk and Eric Zwick

27751: Investor Tax Credits and Entrepreneurship: Evidence from U.S. States

Matthew R. Denes, Sabrina T. Howell, Filippo Mezzanotti, Xinxin Wang and Ting Xu

27750: Property Rights to Land and Agricultural Organization: An Argentina-United States Comparison

Eric Edwards, Martin Fiszbein and Gary Libecap

27749: Remote Work and the Heterogeneous Impact of COVID-19 on Employment and Health

Manuela Angelucci, Marco Angrisani, Daniel Bennett, Arie Kapteyn and Simone Schaner

27748: Limitations on the Effectiveness of Monetary Policy Forward Guidance in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Andrew Levin and Arunima Sinha

27747: Doubling Down on Debt: Limited Liability as a Financial Friction

Jesse Perla, Carolin Pflueger and Michal Szkup

27746: International Evidence on Shock-Dependent Exchange Rate Pass-Through

Kristin Forbes, Ida Hjortsoe and Tsvetelina Nenova

27745: Social Finance: Cultural Evolution, Transmission Bias and Market Dynamics

Erol Akcay and David Hirshleifer

27744: Cheap Thrills: the Price of Leisure and the Global Decline in Work Hours

Alexandr Kopytov, Nikolai Roussanov and Mathieu Taschereau-Dumouchel

27743: Does Vote Trading Improve Welfare?

Alessandra Casella and Antonin Macé

27742: Social Distancing, Vaccination and the Paradoxical Optimality of an Endemic Equilibrium

Andrew Abel and Stavros Panageas

27741: Pandemic Control in ECON-EPI Networks

Marina Azzimonti, Alessandra Fogli, Fabrizio Perri and Mark Ponder

27740: Financial Returns to Household Inventory Management

Scott Baker, Stephanie Johnson and Lorenz Kueng

27739: Global Business and Financial Cycles: A Tale of Two Capital Account Regimes

Julien Acalin and Alessandro Rebucci

27738: Using a Satisficing Model of Experimenter Decision-Making to Guide Finite-Sample Inference for Compromised Experiments

Ganesh Karapakula and James Heckman

27737: Intergenerational Effects of Early-Life Advantage: Lessons from a Primate Study

Amanda M. Dettmer, James Heckman, Juan Pantano, Victor Ronda and Stephen J. Suomi

27736: Hiring as Exploration

Danielle Li, Lindsey Raymond and Peter Bergman

27735: Moonshots, Investment Booms, and Selection Bias in the Transmission of Cultural Traits

David Hirshleifer and Joshua Plotkin

27734: Who Profits From Amateurism? Rent-Sharing in Modern College Sports

Craig Garthwaite, Jordan Keener, Matthew Notowidigdo and Nicole F. Ozminkowski

27733: Payments Crises and Consequences

Qian Chen, Christoffer Koch, Padma Sharma and Gary Richardson

27732: Repurchase Options in the Market for Lemons

Saki Bigio and Liyan Shi

27731: The Stable Transformation Path

Francisco Buera, Joseph Kaboski, Martí Mestieri and Daniel G. O'Connor

27730: Coping with H-1B Shortages: Firm Performance and Mitigation Strategies

Anna Maria Mayda, Francesc Ortega, Giovanni Peri, Kevin Shih and Chad Sparber

27729: Income and Poverty in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Jeehoon Han, Bruce Meyer and James Sullivan

27728: Heterogeneous Effects Of Health Insurance On Birth Related Outcomes: Unpacking Compositional Vs. Direct Changes

Jie Ma and Kosali Simon