NBER Working Papers

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33603: Robots and Crime

Yang Liang, Joseph J. Sabia and Dhaval Dave

33602: How Much Should We Spend to Reduce A.I.'s Existential Risk?

Charles Jones

33601: Profitability Retrospective: What Have We Learned?

Robert Novy-Marx and Mamdouh Medhat

33600: The Long Shadow of Early Education: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in the Philippines

Thomas Lloyd and Dean Yang

33599: Beyond Tariffs: How Did China’s State–Owned Enterprises Shape the US–China Trade War?

Felipe Benguria and Felipe Saffie

33598: Cloze Encounters: The Impact of Pirated Data Access on LLM Performance

Stella Jia and Abhishek Nagaraj

33597: Sewers and Urbanization in the Developing World

Sean McCulloch, Matthew P. Schaelling, Matthew Turner and Toru Kitagawa

33596: Does Fund Size Affect Private Equity Performance? Evidence from Donation Inflows to Private Universities

Abhishek Bhardwaj, Abhinav Gupta, Sabrina T. Howell and Kyle Zimmerschied

33595: Homeownership and Attention to Inflation: Evidence from Information Treatments

Jessica Piccolo and Yuriy Gorodnichenko

33594: Optimal Formula Instruments

Kirill Borusyak and Peter Hull

33593: Strategic Digitization in Currency and Payment Competition

Lin Cong and Simon Mayer

33592: The Economics of Healthcare Fraud

Jetson Leder-Luis and Anup Malani

33591: Political Ideology and U.S. Electric Vehicle Adoption

Lucas Davis, Jing Li and Katalin Springel

33590: Shadow Always Touches the Feet: Implications of Bank Credit Lines to Non-Bank Financial Intermediaries

Viral Acharya, Manasa Gopal, Maximilian Jager and Sascha Steffen

33589: Growth and Fluctuations Economies with Land Speculation

Tomohiro Hirano and Joseph Stiglitz

33588: Defensive Hiring and Creative Destruction

Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde, Yang Yu and Francesco Zanetti

33587: Liquidity Crises and the Market-Maker of Last Resort

Charles Kahn, David Marshall and Robert L. McDonald

33586: Uprootedness, Human Capital, and Skill Transferability

Stelios Michalopoulos, Elie Murard, Elias Papaioannou and Seyhun Orcan Sakalli

33585: The Evolution of Inflation Targeting from the 1990s to the 2020s: Developments and Challenges

Frederic Mishkin and Michael Kiley

33584: The Short-Run Effects of Congestion Pricing in New York City

Cody Cook, Aboudy Kreidieh, Shoshana Vasserman, Hunt Allcott, Neha Arora, Freek van Sambeek, Andrew Tomkins and Eray Turkel

33583: The Rise of Healthcare Jobs

Joshua Gottlieb, Neale Mahoney, Kevin Rinz and Victoria Udalova

33582: The New Geography of Labor Markets

Mert Akan, Jose Maria Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Thomas Bowen, Shelby R. Buckman, Steven Davis and Hyoseul Kim

33581: Why Are Nordic Workers so Remote?: Potential Causes and (Some) Indirect Labor Market Consequences

Adam Gill, Lena Hensvik and Oskar Skans

33580: The Origins and Evolution of Occupational Licensing in the United States

Nicholas A. Carollo, Jason F. Hicks, Andrew Karch and Morris M. Kleiner

33579: Recombinant Innovation, Novel Ideas, and the Start of Nobel Prize-Winning Work

John Ham, Brian Quistorff and Bruce A. Weinberg

33578: Rules versus Discretion in Capital Regulation

Urban Jermann and Haotian Xiang

33577: Should Friday be the New Saturday? Hours Worked and Hours Wanted

Gregor Jarosch, Laura Pilossoph and Anthony Swaminathan

33576: Supply Constraints do not Explain House Price and Quantity Growth Across U.S. Cities

Schuyler Louie, John A. Mondragon and Johannes Wieland

33575: Racial Disparities and Bias in Consumer Bankruptcy

Bronson Argyle, Sasha Indarte, Benjamin Iverson and Christopher Palmer

33574: Human Capital at Home: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation in the Philippines

Noam Angrist, Sarah Kabay, Dean Karlan, Lincoln Lau and Kevin Wong

33573: Expert Patients’ Use of Avoidable Health Care

Pragya Kakani, Simone Matecna and Amitabh Chandra

33572: Expropriation Without Compensation: Copper in Chile, 1970-1973

Sebastian Edwards

33571: From Access to Wellness: Early Life Exposure to Abortion Legalization and the Next Generation’s Health

Hamid Noghanibehambari, David Slusky and Hoa Vu

33570: Standardized Test Scores and Academic Performance at Ivy-Plus Colleges

John N. Friedman, Bruce Sacerdote, Doug Staiger and Michele Tine

33569: The Effects of Competition in the Retail Gasoline Industry

Reid Taylor and Erich Muehlegger

33568: Recovering Credible Trade Elasticities from Incredible Trade Reforms

George Alessandria, Shafaat Khan, Armen Khederlarian, Kim Ruhl and Joseph B. Steinberg

33567: A Guide to Macroeconomics and Climate Change

Adrien Bilal and James Stock

33566: A Quest for AI Knowledge

Joshua Gans

33565: A Test of the Efficiency of a Given Portfolio in High Dimensions

Mikhail Chernov, Bryan T. Kelly, Semyon Malamud and Johannes Schwab

33564: Methane Abatement Costs in the Oil and Gas Industry: Survey and Synthesis

Joseph Aldy, Forest L. Reinhardt and Robert Stavins

33563: The Academic Consequences of Affirmative Action Bans Combined with Diversity Targets

Eric Zitzewitz

33562: In-kind Government Assistance and Crowd-out of Charitable Services: Evidence from Free School Meals

Krista Ruffini, Orgul Ozturk and Pelin Pekgun

33561: New Data and Insights in Regional and Urban Economics

Ran Abramitzky, Leah Boustan and Adam Storeygard

33560: The Optimal Monetary Policy Response to Tariffs

Javier Bianchi and Louphou Coulibaly

33559: Improving Childhood Immunization through Maternal Support: Evidence from a Randomized Intervention in Pakistan

Adeline Delavande, Areeba Shahab, Javed Younas and Basit Zafar

33558: Intergenerational Mobility of Immigrants in 15 Destination Countries

Leah Boustan, Mathias Fjællegaard Jensen, Ran Abramitzky, Elisa Jácome, Alan Manning, Santiago Perez, Analysia Watley, Adrian Adermon, Jaime Arellano-Bover, Olof Åslund, Marie Connolly, Nathan Deutscher, Anne Gielen, Yvonne Giesing, Yajna Govind, Martin Halla, Dominik Hangartner, Yuyan Jiang, Cecilia Karmel, Fanny Landaud, Lindsey Macmillan, Isabel Martínez, Alberto Polo, Panu Poutvaara, Hillel Rapoport, Sara Roman, Kjell G Salvanes, Shmuel San, Michael Siegenthaler, Louis Sirugue, Javier Soria Espín, Jan Stuhler, Giovanni L. Violante, Dinand Webbink, Andrea Weber, Jonathan Zhang, Angela Zheng and Tom Zohar

33557: The Value of Clean Water: Experimental Evidence from Rural India

Fiona Burlig, Amir Jina and Anant Sudarshan

33556: Are there too Few Publicly Listed Firms in the US?

Craig Doidge, G. Karolyi, Kris Shen and René M. Stulz

33555: The Curious Surge of Productivity in U.S. Restaurants

Austan Goolsbee, Chad Syverson, Rebecca Goldgof and Joe Tatarka

33554: The Unintended Consequences of Rebalancing

Campbell Harvey, Michele G. Mazzoleni and Alessandro Melone

33553: Labor, Loans and Leisure: The Impact of the Student Loan Payment Pause

Diego A. Briones and Sarah Turner

33552: Skills, Migration and Urban Amenities over the Life Cycle

David Albouy and Jason Faberman

33551: Banking on Technology: Bank Technology Adoption and Its Effects

Sheila Jiang, Alessandro Rebucci and Gang Zhang

33550: What Can Trends in Emergency Department Visits Tell Us About Child Mental Health?

Han Choi, Adriana Corredor-Waldron, Janet Currie and Chris Felton

33549: The Effects of Daily Air Pollution on Students and Teachers

Sarah Chung, Claudia Persico and Jing Liu

33548: The Road Not Taken: How Driving Distance and Appointment Availability Shape the Effects of Abortion Bans

Caitlin Myers, Daniel Dench and Mayra Pineda-Torres

33547: Competition and Consumer Discrimination

Maggie Jones, Trevon Logan, David Rosé and Lisa Cook

33546: Greenhouse Gases Resulting from Grid-Connected Electricity Demand: Three Pillars and Scope Two

Karl Dunkle Werner and Arik Levinson

33545: Financing the Adoption of Clean Technology

Andrea Lanteri and Adriano Rampini

33544: Equity Prices, Market Power, and Optimal Corporate Tax Policy

Ignacio González, Juan A. Montecino and Joseph Stiglitz

33543: From Access to Achievement: The Primary School-Age Impacts of an At-Scale Preschool Construction Program in Highly Deprived Communities

Marina Bassi, Bruno Besbas, Lelys Dinarte Diaz, Saravana Ravindran and Ana Reynoso

33542: Malthusian Migrations

Guillaume Blanc and Romain Wacziarg

33541: ‘Invest!’: Liberty Bonds and Stock Ownership over the Twentieth Century

Gillian Brunet, Eric Hilt and Matthew Jaremski

33540: A Model of Global Currency Pricing

Michael Devereux, Rui Lu, Kang Shi and Juanyi (Jenny) Xu

33539: On the Economic Infeasibility of Personalized Medicine, and a Solution

Marina Chiara Garassino, Kunle Odunsi, Marciano Siniscalchi and Pietro Veronesi

33538: Same As it Ever Was: Gender, Race, and Ethnicity Differences in Promotion for Academic Economists

Donna Ginther, Shulamit Kahn and Daria Milakhina

33537: An Evaluation of the Alief Independent School District Jumpstart Program: Using a Model to Recover Mechanisms from an RCT

Flavio Cunha, Qinyou Hu, Andrea Salvati, Kenneth Wolpin and Rui Zeng

33536: AI and the Extended Workday: Productivity, Contracting Efficiency, and Distribution of Rents

Wei Jiang, Junyoung Park, Rachel (Jiqiu) Xiao and Shen Zhang

33535: Dirty Business: Transition Risk of Factor Portfolios

Ravi Jagannathan, Iwan Meier and Valeri Sokolovski

33534: The Impact of the Out-of-Pocket Housing Expense Inflation on Household Alcohol and Tobacco Purchases

Virat Agrawal, Richard K. Green, Neeraj Sood and Christopher M. Whaley

33533: It Takes a Village Election: Turnover and Performance in Local Bureaucracies

Samuel Bazzi, Masyhur Hilmy, Benjamin Marx, Mahvish Shaukat and Andreas Stegmann

33532: Evaluating Transport Improvements in Spatial Equilibrium

Stephen Redding

33531: The Climate Adaptation Feedback

Alexander C. Abajian, Tamma Carleton, Kyle Meng and Olivier Deschenes

33530: Returns to Specific Graduate Degrees: Estimates Using Texas Administrative Records

Joseph Altonji and Zhengren Zhu

33529: The Dynamics of Agricultural Productivity Gaps: An Open-Economy Perspective

Douglas Gollin, David Lagakos, Xiao Ma and Shraddha Mandi

33528: Dynamic Search in a Non-Stationary Search Environment: An Application to the Beijing Housing Market

Ying Fan, Ziying Fan and Yiyi Zhou

33527: Rolling Back Progresa: School and Work After the End of a Landmark Anti-Poverty Program

Fernanda Marquez-Padilla, Susan Parker and Tom S. Vogl

33526: Domestic Politics and International Organizations

T. Renee Bowen, J. Lawrence Broz and Christina J. Schneider

33525: Some Pleasant Sequence-Space Arithmetic In Continuous Time

Adrien Bilal and Shlok Goyal

33524: Central Bank Communication with the Polarized Public

Pei Kuang, Michael Weber and Shihan Xie

33523: Banks and the State-Dependent Effects of Monetary Policy

Martin Eichenbaum, Federico Puglisi, Sergio Rebelo and Mathias Trabandt

33522: On the Fragility of the Nonlinear Phillips Curve View of Recent Inflation

Paul Beaudry, Chenyu Hou and Franck Portier

33521: Reproductive Technology and the Child Care Sector: How Access to Oral Contraception and Abortion Shaped Workforce Composition and Quality

Chris M. Herbst and Erdal Tekin

33520: Reassessing Qualitative Self-Assessments and Experimental Validation

Jonathan Chapman, Pietro Ortoleva, Erik Snowberg, Leeat Yariv and Colin Camerer

33519: China's Overseas Lending in Global Finance Cycle

Zhengyang Jiang

33518: Disease, Disparities, and Development: Evidence from Chagas Disease Control in Brazil

Jon Denton-Schneider and Eduardo Montero

33517: Place-Based Policies: Lessons from Theory

Pablo D. Fajgelbaum and Cecile Gaubert

33516: The Impact of NAFTA on Prices and Competition: Evidence from Mexican Manufacturing Plants

Felipe Brugués, Ken Kikkawa, Yuan Mei and Pablo Robles

33515: A Comprehensive GIS Database for China's Surface Transport Network with Implications for Transport and Socioeconomics Research

Steven Davis, Meijun Qian and Wen Zeng

33514: Workplace Stratification and Racial Health Disparities

Kurt Lavetti, Long Hong, Jonathan A. Holmes and Trevon Logan

33513: Place-Based Policies of the European Union: Contrasts and Similarities to the US Experience

Peter R. Berkowitz, Michael Storper and Max Herbertson

33512: Dynamic Urban Economics

Brian Greaney, Andrii Parkhomenko and Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh

33511: The U.S. Place-Based Policy Supply Chain

Gordon Hanson, Dani Rodrik and Rohan Sandhu

33510: Making the Invisible Visible: The Impact of Revealing Indoor Air Pollution on Behavior and Welfare

Robert Metcalfe and Sefi Roth

33509: Artificial Intelligence and the Labor Market

Menaka Hampole, Dimitris Papanikolaou, Lawrence Schmidt and Bryan Seegmiller

33508: Measuring Work from Home

Shelby R. Buckman, Jose Maria Barrero, Nicholas Bloom and Steven Davis

33507: Knightian Uncertainty and Bayesian Entrepreneurship

Joshua Gans

33506: Long-Run Consequences of Sanctions on Russia

David Baqaee and Hannes Malmberg

33505: Firstborn Daughters and Family Structure in Sub-Saharan Africa

Garance Genicot and Maria Hernandez- de-Benito

33504: Long-Run Comparative Statics

David Baqaee and Hannes Malmberg