NBER Working Papers

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30511: Culture in Historical Political Economy

Sara Lowes

30510: Gender Gaps at the Academies

David Card, Stefano DellaVigna, Patricia Funk and Nagore Iriberri

30509: Kinship Structure and the Family: Evidence from the Matrilineal Belt

Sara Lowes

30508: Buy Now, Pay Later Credit: User Characteristics and Effects on Spending Patterns

Marco Di Maggio, Emily Williams and Justin Katz

30507: Three Criteria for Evaluating Social Programs

Jorge Luis Garcia and James J. Heckman

30506: Trapped in the Trilemma: When Security Trumps Economics

Michael Bordo and Harold James

30505: Firming up Price Inflation

Philip Bunn, Lena S. Anayi, Nicholas Bloom, Paul Mizen, Gregory Thwaites and Ivan Yotzov

30504: Zoning for Profits: How Public Finance Shapes Land Supply in China

Zhiguo He, Scott T. Nelson, Yang Su, Anthony Lee Zhang and Fudong Zhang

30503: Macroeconomic and Asset Pricing Effects of Supply Chain Disasters

Vladimir Smirnyagin and Aleh Tsyvinski

30502: The U.S. Manufacturing Sector’s Response to Higher Electricity Prices: Evidence from State-Level Renewable Portfolio Standards

Ann Wolverton, Ron Shadbegian and Wayne Gray

30501: Managing Public Portfolios

Leo R. Aparisi de Lannoy, Anmol Bhandari, David Evans, Mikhail Golosov and Thomas Sargent

30500: Racial Diversity in Private Capital Fundraising

Johan Cassel, Josh Lerner and Emmanuel Yimfor

30499: Family Bargaining with Altruism

Robert Pollak

30498: Demand Stimulus as Social Policy

Alan Auerbach, Yuriy Gorodnichenko and Daniel Murphy

30497: Trade-ins and Transaction Costs in the Market for Used Business Jets

Charles Hodgson

30496: Sparse Production Networks

Andrew Bernard and Yuan Zi

30495: Land Rental Markets: Experimental Evidence from Kenya

Michelle Acampora, Lorenzo Casaburi and Jack Willis

30494: Multinationals and Structural Transformation

Vanessa Alviarez, Cheng Chen, Nitya Pandalai-Nayar, Liliana Varela, Kei-Mu Yi and Hongyong Zhang

30493: Estimating Perceptions of the Relative COVID Risk of Different Social-Distancing Behaviors from Respondents' Pairwise Assessments

Ori Heffetz and Matthew Rabin

30492: Labor Supply and Occupational Choice

Andres Erosa, Luisa Fuster, Gueorgui Kambourov and Richard Rogerson

30491: Rising Markups or Changing Technology?

Lucia Foster, John C. Haltiwanger and Cody Tuttle

30490: The Racial Wealth Gap, Financial Aid, and College Access

Phillip Levine and Dubravka Ritter

30489: Spatial Structural Change

Fabian Eckert and Michael Peters

30488: Rebel Governance and Development: The Persistent Effects of Guerrillas in El Salvador

Antonella Bandiera, Lelys Dinarte Diaz, Juan Miguel Jimenez, Sandra Rozo and Maria Micaela Sviatschi

30487: Distinguishing Causes of Neighborhood Racial Change: A Nearest Neighbor Design

Patrick Bayer, Marcus Casey, W. Ben McCartney, John Orellana-Li and Calvin S. Zhang

30486: It Hurts To Ask

Roland Benabou, Ania Jaroszewicz and George Loewenstein

30485: Global Monetary and Financial Spillovers: Evidence from a New Measure of Bundesbank Policy Shocks

James Cloyne, Patrick Hürtgen and Alan Taylor

30484: Is Social Protection a Luxury Good?

Michael Lokshin, Martin Ravallion and Iván Torre

30483: Understanding Labor Market Discrimination Against Transgender People: Evidence from a Double List Experiment and a Survey

Billur Aksoy, Christopher Carpenter and Dario Sansone

30482: The Human Perils of Scaling Smart Technologies: Evidence from Field Experiments

Alec Brandon, Christopher M. Clapp, John List, Robert Metcalfe and Michael Price

30481: College Consumption Amenities, Academic Performance, and Donation Behavior

Joshua M. Hyman and Isaac McFarlin

30480: Perceptions about Monetary Policy

Michael Bauer, Carolin Pflueger and Adi Sunderam

30479: Tail Risk in Production Networks

Ian Dew-Becker

30478: Real-Time Forward-Looking Skewness over the Business Cycle

Ian Dew-Becker

30477: Effect of Macroprudential Policies on Sovereign Bond Markets: Evidence from the ASEAN-4 Countries

Joshua Aizenman, Gazi Uddin, Tianqi Luo, Ranadeva Jayasekera and Donghyun Park

30476: Dollar Reserves and U.S. Yields: Identifying the Price Impact of Official Flows

Rashad Ahmed and Alessandro Rebucci

30475: Long-Run Trends in Long-Maturity Real Rates 1311-2021

Kenneth Rogoff, Barbara Rossi and Paul Schmelzing

30474: Fertility and the Education of African Parents and Children

Tom Vogl

30473: Exposure to Past Immigration Waves and Attitudes toward Newcomers

Rania Gihleb, Osea Giuntella and Luca Stella

30472: Quantifying and Explaining the Decline in Public-School Teacher Retirement Benefits

Nino Abashidze, Robert L. Clark and Lee A. Craig

30471: What Drives Risky Prescription Opioid Use? Evidence from Migration

Amy Finkelstein, Matthew Gentzkow, Dean Li and Heidi Williams

30470: Do the Retired Elderly in Europe Decumulate Their Wealth? The Importance of Bequest Motives, Precautionary Saving, Public Pensions, and Homeownership

Charles Yuji Horioka and Luigi Ventura

30469: Choosing Who Chooses: Selection-Driven Targeting in Energy Rebate Programs

Takanori Ida, Takunori Ishihara, Koichiro Ito, Daido Kido, Toru Kitagawa, Shosei Sakaguchi and Shusaku Sasaki

30468: Expectations and the Neutrality of Interest Rates

John Cochrane

30467: Energy Efficiency Can Deliver for Climate Policy: Evidence from Machine Learning-Based Targeting

Peter Christensen, Paul Francisco, Erica Myers, Hansen Shao and Mateus Souza

30466: Advances in the Economic Theory of Cultural Transmission

Alberto Bisin and Thierry Verdier

30465: Housing Wealth and Online Consumer Behavior: Evidence from Xiong'an New Area in China

Hanming Fang, Long Wang and Yang Yang

30464: Do Low-skilled Immigrants Improve Native Productivity but Worsen Local Amenities? Learning from the South Korean Experience

Hyejin Kim, Jongkwan Lee and Giovanni Peri

30463: The Rise of Age-Friendly Jobs

Daron Acemoglu, Nicolaj Søndergaard Mühlbach and Andrew J. Scott

30462: Transportation Networks, Short-term Mobility, and Pollution Exposure: Evidence from High-Speed Rail in China

Panle Barwick, Dave Donaldson, Shanjun Li, Yatang Lin and Deyu Rao

30461: Partial Identification of Personalized Treatment Response with Trial-reported Analyses of Binary Subgroups

Sheyu Li, Valentyn Litvin and Charles Manski

30460: Explanations for the Decline in Spending at Older Ages

Susann Rohwedder, Michael D. Hurd and Péter Hudomiet

30459: A Framework for Economic Growth with Capital-Embodied Technical Change

Benjamin Jones and Xiaojie Liu

30458: Monetary Policy and the Short-Rate Disconnect in Emerging Economies

Pierre De Leo, Gita Gopinath and Sebnem Kalemli-Ozcan

30457: A Model of the Gold Standard

Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde and Daniel Sanches

30456: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Retirement Outcomes: Impacts of Outreach

Angelino Viceisza, Amaia Calhoun and Gabriella J.O. Lee

30455: Looking Backward, Innovating Forward: A Theory of Competitive Cascades

Kevin Lim, Daniel Trefler and Miaojie Yu

30454: Road Maintenance and Local Economic Development: Evidence from Indonesia’s Highways

Paul Gertler, Marco Gonzalez-Navarro, Tadeja Gracner and Alexander Rothenberg

30453: KFstar and Portfolio Inflows: A Focus on Latin America

John Burger, Francis E. Warnock and Veronica Cacdac Warnock

30452: Climate Risks and FDI

Grace Weishi Gu and Galina Hale

30451: Slavery and the British Industrial Revolution

Stephan Heblich, Stephen Redding and Hans-Joachim Voth

30450: Global Sourcing and Multinational Activity: A Unified Approach

Pol Antras, Evgenii Fadeev, Teresa Fort and Felix Tintelnot

30449: Information Frictions and Employee Sorting Between Startups

Kevin Bryan, Mitchell Hoffman and Amir Sariri

30448: Auditing the Prescription Drug Consumer Price Index in a Changing Marketplace

Richard G. Frank, Andrew L. Hicks and Ernst R. Berndt

30447: Firm Responses and Wage Effects of Foreign Demand Shocks with Fixed Labor Costs and Monopsony

Emmanuel Dhyne, Ken Kikkawa, Toshiaki Komatsu, Magne Mogstad and Felix Tintelnot

30446: Working from Home Around the World

Cevat Giray Aksoy, Jose Maria Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Steven Davis, Mathias Dolls and Pablo Zárate

30445: Is Physical Climate Risk Priced? Evidence from Regional Variation in Exposure to Heat Stress

Viral Acharya, Timothy Johnson, Suresh Sundaresan and Tuomas Tomunen

30444: Gender and Race in Entrepreneurial Finance

Michael Ewens

30443: Robustness Checks in Structural Analysis

Sylvain Catherine, Mehran Ebrahimian, Mohammad Fereydounian, David Sraer and David Thesmar

30442: The Midlife Crisis

Osea Giuntella, Sally McManus, Redzo Mujcic, Andrew J. Oswald, Nattavudh Powdthavee and Ahmed Tohamy

30441: Power and Dignity in the Low-Wage Labor Market: Theory and Evidence from Wal-Mart Workers

Arindrajit Dube, Suresh Naidu and Adam D. Reich

30440: The Effects of Off-label Drug Use on Disability and Medical Expenditure

Katharina Blankart and Frank Lichtenberg

30439: Exhaustive or Exhausting? Evidence on Respondent Fatigue in Long Surveys

Dahyeon Jeong, Shilpa Aggarwal, Jonathan Robinson, Naresh Kumar, Alan Spearot and David Sungho Park

30438: The Social Tax: Redistributive Pressure and Labor Supply

Eliana Carranza, Aletheia Donald, Florian Grosset-Touba and Supreet Kaur

30437: Facts and Fantasies about Wage Setting and Collective Bargaining

Manudeep Bhuller, Karl Ove Moene, Magne Mogstad and Ola Vestad

30436: Health and Safety vs. Freedom of Contract: The Tortured Path of Wage and Hours Limits Through the State Legislatures and the Courts

Price Fishback

30435: The Impacts of Covid-19 Illnesses on Workers

Gopi Goda and Evan J. Soltas

30434: Bargaining in the Shadow of Uncertainty

Marina Agranov, Hülya Eraslan and Chloe Tergiman

30433: Multiple Price Lists for Willingness to Pay Elicitation

B. Kelsey Jack, Kathryn McDermott and Anja Sautmann

30432: Judicial Independence, Local Protectionism, and Economic Integration: Evidence from China

Ernest Liu, Yi Lu, Wenwei Peng and Shaoda Wang

30431: International College Students' Impact on the US Skilled Labor Supply

Michel Beine, Giovanni Peri and Morgan Raux

30430: The Impact of Female Teachers on Female Students' Lifetime Well-Being

David Card, Ciprian Domnisoru, Seth G. Sanders, Lowell Taylor and Victoria Udalova

30429: If You Build it, Will They Vaccinate? The Impact of COVID-19 Vaccine Sites on Vaccination Rates and Outcomes

John Brownstein, Jonathan H. Cantor, Benjamin Rader, Kosali I. Simon and Christopher Whaley

30428: Is Secessionism Mostly About Income or Identity? A Global Analysis of 3,003 Subnational Regions

Klaus Desmet, Ignacio Ortuño-Ortín and Ömer Özak

30427: Team Incentives and Lower Ability Workers: An Experimental Study on Real-Effort Tasks

Richard Freeman, Xiaofei Pan, Xiaolan Yang and Maoliang Ye

30426: Race and Redistribution in the United States: An Experimental Analysis

Jesper Akesson, Robert W. Hahn, Robert Metcalfe and Itzhak Rasooly

30425: Price Spillovers and Specialization in health Care: The Case of Children's Hospitals

Ian McCarthy and Mehul V. Raval

30424: Place Effects and Geographic Inequality in Health at Birth

Eric Chyn and Na'ama Shenhav

30423: Blue Spoons: Sparking Communication About Appropriate Technology Use

Arun Chandrasekhar, Esther Duflo, Michael Kremer, João F. Pugliese, Jonathan Robinson and Frank Schilbach

30422: How Can Asset Prices Value Exchange Rate Wedges?

Karen Lewis and Edith Liu

30421: The Geography of Job Tasks

Enghin Atalay, Sebastian Sotelo and Daniel Tannenbaum

30420: Using Administrative Data to Impute Income Non-Response in Household Surveys

V. Kerry Smith, Michael P. Welsh, Richard Carson and Stanley Presser

30419: Zoomers and Boomers: Asset Prices and Intergenerational Inequality

Leland Farmer and Roger Farmer

30418: Foreign Reserves Management and Original Sin

Michael Devereux and Steve Pak Yeung Wu

30417: Cognitive Imprecision and Stake-Dependent Risk Attitudes

Mel Win Khaw, Ziang Li and Michael Woodford

30416: Place-Based Productivity and Costs in Science

Jonathan Gruber, Simon Johnson and Enrico Moretti

30415: Environmental Economics, Regulation, and Innovation

Mads Greaker and David Popp

30414: Passing the Message: Peer Outreach about COVID-19 Precautions in Zambia

Alfredo Burlando, Pradeep Chintagunta, Jessica Goldberg, Melissa Graboyes, Peter Hangoma, Dean Karlan, Mario Macis and Silvia Prina

30413: Optimal Assignment of Bureaucrats: Evidence from Randomly Assigned Tax Collectors in the DRC

Augustin Bergeron, Pedro Bessone, John Kabeya Kabeya, Gabriel Tourek and Jonathan L. Weigel

30412: Intergenerational Transmission of Family Influence

Sadegh Eshaghnia, James J. Heckman, Rasmus Landersø and Rafeh Qureshi