NBER Working Papers

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8780: How Does Job Loss Affect the Timing of Retirement?

Sewin Chan and Ann Stevens

8779: The Life Cycles of Modern Artists

David Galenson

8778: The North-South Wage Gap, Before and After the Civil War

Robert Margo

8777: A Theory of Government Regulation of Addictive Bads: Optimal Tax Levels and Tax Incidence for Cigarette Excise Taxation

Jonathan Gruber and Botond Koszegi

8776: Family Firms

Mike Burkart, Fausto Panunzi and Andrei Shleifer

8775: A Dual Method of Empirically Evaluating Dynamic Competitive Equilibrium Models with Market Distortions, Applied to the Great Depression & World War II

Casey Mulligan

8774: A Century of Labor-Leisure Distortions

Casey Mulligan

8773: The Financing of Research and Development

Bronwyn Hall

8772: Social Security, Pensions and Retirement Behavior Within the Family

Alan Gustman and Thomas L. Steinmeier

8771: Technology and Economic Performance in the American Economy

Robert Gordon

8770: Maternal Employment and Overweight Children

Patricia Anderson, Kristin Butcher and Phillip Levine

8769: Skill Biased Technological Change and Rising Wage Inequality: Some Problems and Puzzles

David Card and John DiNardo

8768: Technology Shocks and Monetary Policy: Assessing the Fed's Performance

Jordi Galí, David Lopez-Salido and Javier Valles

8767: New Perspectives on Monetary Policy, Inflation, and the Business Cycle

Jordi Galí

8766: Productivity, Output, and Failure: A Comparison of Taiwanese and Korean Manufacturers

Bee Yan Aw, Sukkyun Chung and Mark Roberts

8765: The Need for International Policy Coordination: What's Old, What's New, What's Yet to Come?

Matthew Canzoneri, Robert Cumby and Behzad Diba

8764: Characteristics, Contracts, and Actions: Evidence from Venture Capitalist Analyses

Steven Kaplan and Per Stromberg

8763: Measuring Investment Distortions when Risk-Averse Managers Decide Whether to Undertake Risky Projects

Robert Parrino, Allen M. Poteshman and Michael Weisbach

8762: Moore's Law and Learning-By-Doing

Boyan Jovanovic and Peter Rousseau

8761: Medicare and Disparities in Women's Health

Sandra Decker and Carol Rapaport

8760: Does Globalization Increase Child Labor? Evidence from Vietnam

Eric Edmonds and Nina Pavcnik

8759: The Guarantees of Freedom

Rafael La Porta, Florencio Lopez- de-Silane, Cristian Pop-Eleches and Andrei Shleifer

8758: A Dual Liquidity Model for Emerging Markets

Ricardo Caballero and Arvind Krishnamurthy

8757: International Labor Economics

Daniel Hamermesh

8756: Entry and Asymmetric Lobbying: Why Governments Pick Losers

Richard Baldwin and Frederic Robert-Nicoud

8755: Sources of U.S. Longevity Increase, 1960-1997

Frank Lichtenberg

8754: Why has the Employment-Productivity Tradeoff among Industrialized Countries been so strong?

Paul Beaudry and Fabrice Collard

8753: Is a Bird in Hand Worth More than a Bird in the Bush? Intergenerational Transfers and Savings Behavior

Jeffrey Brown and Scott Weisbenner

8752: Does Function Follow Organizational Form? Evidence From the Lending Practices of Large and Small Banks

Allen Berger, Nathan H. Miller, Mitchell Petersen, Raghuram Rajan and Jeremy Stein

8751: Did Import Substitution Promote Growth in the Late Nineteenth Century?

Douglas Irwin

8750: When Does the Market Matter? Stock Prices and the Investment of Equity-Dependent Firms

Malcolm Baker, Jeremy Stein and Jeffrey Wurgler

8749: The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Program

Robert Moffitt

8748: Why Are Rates of Inflation So Low After Large Devaluations?

Ariel Burstein, Martin Eichenbaum and Sergio Rebelo

8747: The New Systems Competition

Hans-Werner Sinn

8746: Information Aggregation, Security Design and Currency Swaps

Bhagwan Chowdhry, Mark Grinblatt and David Levine

8745: Tax-Loss Trading and Wash Sales

Mark Grinblatt and Matti Keloharju

8744: What Do We Really Know About the Cross-Sectional Relation Between Past and Expected Returns?

Mark Grinblatt and Tobias J. Moskowitz

8743: Productivity, Computerization, and Skill Change

Edward Wolff

8742: Mortality Change, the Uncertainty Effect, and Retirement

Sebnem Kalemli-Ozcan and David Weil

8741: New Evidence about Brown v. Board of Education: The Complex Effects of School Racial Composition on Achievement

Eric Hanushek, John Kain and Steven Rivkin

8740: The Q-Theory of Mergers

Boyan Jovanovic and Peter Rousseau

8739: Interpreting the Tariff-Growth Correlation of the Late Nineteenth Century

Douglas Irwin

8738: Default, Currency Crises and Sovereign Credit Ratings

Carmen Reinhart

8737: Existence and Persistence of Price Dispersion: an Empirical Analysis

Saul Lach

8736: Time Series Decomposition and Measurement of Business Cycles, Trends and Growth Cycles

Victor Zarnowitz and Ataman Ozyildirim

8735: Retirement Consumption: Insights from a Survey

John Ameriks, Andrew Caplin and John Leahy

8734: The Disposition Effect and Momentum

Mark Grinblatt and Bing Han

8733: Constitution or Conflict?

Herschel Grossman

8732: Controlling the Cost of Minimum Benefit Guarantees in Public Pension Conversions

Kent Smetters

8731: Guaranteeing Defined Contribution Pensions: The Option to Buy-Back a Defined Benefit Promise

Marie-Eve Lachance and Olivia Mitchell

8730: Economic Effects of Means-Tested Transfers in the U.S

Robert Moffitt

8729: Do Industrial Relations Institutions Impact Economic Outcomes?: International and U.S. State-Level Evidence

Morris M. Kleiner and Hwikwon Ham

8728: Outsourcing in a Global Economy

Gene Grossman and Elhanan Helpman

8727: Make Versus Buy in Trucking: Asset Ownership, Job Design and Information

George P. Baker and Thomas N. Hubbard

8726: Is the Technology-Driven Real Business Cycle Hypothesis Dead?

Neville Francis and Valerie Ramey

8725: The Responsiveness of Consumer Prices to Exchange Rates And the Implications for Exchange-Rate Policy: A Survey Of a Few Recent New Open-Economy

Charles Engel

8724: Does Inward Foreign Direct Investment Boost the Productivity of Domestic Firms?

Jonathan Haskel, Sonia C. Pereira and Matthew J. Slaughter

8723: Suggested Subsidies are Sub-optimal Unless Combined with an Output Tax

Don Fullerton and Robert D. Mohr

8722: Measuring Organization Capital

Andrew Atkeson and Patrick Kehoe

8721: Optimal Interest Rate Policy in a Small Open Economy

Eric Parrado and Andres Velasco

8720: Voter Turnout: Theory and Evidence from Texas Liquor Referenda

Stephen Coate and Michael Conlin

8719: Do We Need CAPM for Capital Budgeting?

Ravi Jagannathan and Iwan Meier

8718: Social Security Expectations and Retirement Savings Decisions

Jeff Dominitz, Charles Manski and Jordan Heinz

8717: Charles Goodhart's Contributions to the History of Monetary Institutions

Michael Bordo and Anna Schwartz

8716: Crises Now and Then: What Lessons from the Last Era of Financial Globalization

Barry Eichengreen and Michael Bordo

8715: A Reconsideration of Hedonic Price Indices with an Application to PC's

Ariel Pakes

8714: The Wealth of Nations: Fundamental Forces Versus Poverty Traps

David Bloom, David Canning and J.P. Sevilla

8713: Technological Diffusion, Conditional Convergence, and Economic Growth

David Bloom, David Canning and J.P. Sevilla

8712: The Variety and Quality of a Nation's Trade

David Hummels and Pete Klenow

8711: Private Benefits of Control: An International Comparison

Isaac Dyck and Luigi Zingales

8710: The Medium Run Effects of Educational Expansion: Evidence from a Large School Construction Program in Indonesia

Esther Duflo

8709: Do Low-Income Housing Subsidies Increase Housing Consumption?

Todd Sinai and Joel Waldfogel

8708: Entrepreneurship in International Trade

James Rauch and Joel Watson

8707: How Migration Restrictions Limit Agglomeration and Productivity in China

Chun-Chung Au and J. Vernon Henderson

8706: Disinflation and Fiscal Reform: A Neoclassical Perspective

Roberto Rigobon

8705: When Do Firms Shift Production Across States to Avoid Environmental Regulation?

Wayne Gray and Ron Shadbegian

8704: International Protection of Intellectual Property

Gene Grossman and Edwin Lai

8703: Optimal Defaults for Corporate Law Evolution

Lucian Bebchuk and Assaf Hamdani

8702: Are There Differential Effects of Price and Policy on College Students' Drinking Intensity?

Jenny Williams, Frank Chaloupka and Henry Wechsler

8701: Network Effects, Congestion Externalities, and Air Traffic Delays: Or Why All Delays Are Not Evil

Christopher Mayer and Todd Sinai

8700: Asset Prices in the Measurement of Inflation

Michael F. Bryan, Stephen Cecchetti and Roisin O'Sullivan

8699: Mental Illness and the Demand for Alcohol, Cocaine and Cigarettes

Henry Saffer and Dhaval Dave

8698: Dividend Policy inside the Firm

Mihir A. Desai, C. Fritz Foley and James Hines

8697: Is More Information Better? The Effects of 'Report Cards' on Health Care Providers

David Dranove, Daniel Kessler, Mark McClellan and Mark Satterthwaite

8696: Cities and Warfare: The Impact of Terrorism on Urban Form

Edward Glaeser and Jesse Shapiro

8695: The Epidemiology of Macroeconomic Expectations

Christopher Carroll

8694: Throwing Good Money After Bad? Board Connections and Conflicts in Bank Lending

Randall S. Kroszner and Philip E. Strahan

8693: Political Competition with Campaign Contributions and Informative Advertising

Stephen Coate

8692: The Welfare Cost of Autarky: Evidence from the Jeffersonian Trade Embargo, 1807-1809

Douglas Irwin

8691: The Impact of Tobacco Control Program Expenditures on Aggregate Cigarette Sales: 1981-1998

Matthew C. Farrelly, Terry F. Pechacek and Frank Chaloupka

8690: A Note on Inflation Persistence

Steinar Holden and John Driscoll

8689: The Optimal Tax on Antebellum U.S. Cotton Exports

Douglas Irwin

8688: Moral Rules and the Moral Sentiments: Toward a Theory of an Optimal Moral System

Louis Kaplow and Steven Shavell

8687: Household Electricity Demand, Revisited

Peter C. Reiss and Matthew W. White

8686: Equity Portfolio Diversification

William Goetzmann and Alok Kumar

8685: Economic Growth and the Demographic Transition

David Bloom, David Canning and J.P. Sevilla

8684: Monetary Policy, Interest Rate Rules, and Inflation Targeting: Some Basic Equivalences

Carlos Vegh

8683: Model Uncertainty and Liquidity

Bryan Routledge and Stanley Zin

8682: An Evaluation of Multi-Factor CIR Models Using LIBOR, Swap Rates, and Cap and Swaption Prices

Ravi Jagannathan, Andrew Kaplin and Steve Guoqiang Sun

8681: The Advantage of Transparent Instruments of Monetary Policy

Andrew Atkeson and Patrick Kehoe