NBER Working Papers

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5606: The Returns to Computer Use Revisited: Have Pencils Changed the Wage Structure Too?

John DiNardo and Jorn-Steffen Pischke

5605: Why Do Firms Train? Theory and Evidence

Daron Acemoglu and Jorn-Steffen Pischke

5604: Evidence on the Characteristics of Cross Sectional Variation in Stock Returns

Kent Daniel and Sheridan Titman

5603: Are Affirmative Action Hires Less Qualified? Evidence from Employer-Employee Data on New Hires

Harry Holzer and David Neumark

5602: Trade Credit: Theories and Evidence

Mitchell Petersen and Raghuram Rajan

5601: The Effect of New Political Administration on Federal Government Productivity and Employment

Frank Lichtenberg

5600: Understanding Financial Crises: A Developing Country Perspective

Frederic Mishkin

5599: Personal Retirement Saving Programs and Asset Accumulation: Reconciling the Evidence

James Poterba, Steven Venti and David Wise

5598: Should Transfer Payments Be Indexed to Local Price Levels?

Edward Glaeser

5597: Crucial Issues Concerning Central Bank Independence

Bennett McCallum

5596: The Changing Face of Job Loss in the United States, 1981-1993

Henry S. Farber

5595: Accounting for Chinese Trade: Some National and Regional Considerations

K.C. Fung

5594: Policies for Green Design

Don Fullerton and Wenbo Wu

5593: Implementing Market Access

Kala Krishna, Suddhasatwa Roy and Marie Thursby

5592: Illegal Immigration, Border Enforcement, and Relative Wages: Evidence from Apprehensions at the U.S.-Mexico Border

Gordon Hanson and Antonio Spilimbergo

5591: Public Policy for Health Care

David Cutler

5590: Mismeasurement in the Consumer Price Index: An Evaluation

Matthew Shapiro and David Wilcox

5589: Tax Policy and the Activities of Multinational Corporations

James Hines

5588: Investor Reaction to Salient News in Closed-End Country Funds

Peter Klibanoff, Owen Lamont and Thierry A. Wizman

5587: A Scorecard for Indexed Government Debt

John Campbell and Robert Shiller

5586: Budget Institutions and Fiscal Performance in Latin America

Alberto Alesina, Ricardo Hausmann, Rudolf Hommes and Ernesto Stein

5585: The Dynamics of Franchise Contracting: Evidence from Panel Data

Francine Lafontaine and Kathryn Shaw

5584: Corporate Ownership Structures: Private versus Social Optimality

Lucian Bebchuk and Luigi Zingales

5583: Unequal Societies

Roland Benabou

5582: Trade-Induced Investment-led Growth

Richard Baldwin and Elena Seghezza

5581: How the Bundesbank Conducts Monetary Policy

Richard Clarida and Mark Gertler

5580: Sex-Based Differences in School Content and the Male/Female Wage Gap

Charles Brown and Mary Corcoran

5579: Inflation Targeting in Canada, New Zealand, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and in General

Bennett McCallum

5578: Multilevel "General Policy Equilibria": Evidence from the American Unemployment Insurance Tax Ceiling

Daniel Hamermesh and David Scoones

5577: Costly Information in Firm Transformation, Exit, or Persistent Failure

Lynne Zucker and Michael Darby

5576: Financial Crises in Emerging Markets: The Lessons from 1995

Jeffrey Sachs, Aaron Tornell and Andres Velasco

5575: Inflation and the Growth Rate of Output

Christina Romer

5574: Strategic Export Subsidies and Reciprocal Trade Agreements: The Natural Monopoly Case

Kyle Bagwell and Robert Staiger

5573: Debt and Monetary Policy: The Policy Issues

Rüdiger Dornbusch

5572: Large Cash Transfers to the Elderly in South Africa

Anne Case and Angus Deaton

5571: Understanding the Postwar Decline in U.S. Saving: A Cohort Analysis

Jagadeesh Gokhale, Laurence Kotlikoff and John Sabelhaus

5570: Are Recessions Good For Your Health?

Christopher Ruhm

5569: Quality Change in Capital Goods and Its Impact on Economic Growth

Charles R. Hulten

5568: Abandoning the Nest Egg? 401(k) Plans and Inadequate Pension Saving

Andrew Samwick and Jonathan Skinner

5567: Do Workplace Smoking Bans Reduce Smoking?

William Evans, Matthew C. Farrelly and Edward Montgomery

5566: How Much Does Sorting Increase Inequality?

Michael Kremer

5565: The Role of History in Bilateral Trade Flows

Barry Eichengreen and Douglas Irwin

5564: Parametric and Non-Parametric Approaches to Price and Tax Reform

Angus Deaton and Serena Ng

5563: The Mexican Peso Crisis: Sudden Death or Death Foretold?

Jeffrey Sachs, Aaron Tornell and Andres Velasco

5562: Information Technology and the Future of Cities

Jess Gaspar and Edward Glaeser

5561: Airline Hubs: Costs, Markups and the Implications of Customer Heterogeneity

Steven Berry, Michael Carnall and Pablo Spiller

5560: Asian Demography and Foreign Capital Dependence

Matthew Higgins and Jeffrey Williamson

5559: Axiomatic and Economic Approaches to International Comparisons

Walter Diewert

5558: Optimal Tax and Debt Policy with Endogenously Imperfect Creditworthiness

Joshua Aizenman, Michael Gavin and Ricardo Hausmann

5557: Institutions for Monetary Stability

Christina Romer and David Romer

5556: Budget Deficits and Budget Institutions

Alberto Alesina and Roberto Perotti

5555: Drug Use and AFDC Participation: Is There a Connection?

Robert Kaestner

5554: A Survey of Corporate Governance

Andrei Shleifer and Robert Vishny

5553: The Comovements Between Real Activity and Prices at Different Business Cycle Frequencies

Wouter J. Den Haan

5552: Why Do Countries Seek Regional Trade Agreements?

John Whalley

5551: The Entry and Exit of Workers and the Growth of Employment: An Analysis of French Establishments

John Abowd, Patrick Corbel and Francis Kramarz

5550: Do Budget Rules Work?

James Poterba

5549: Trade Liberalization and Endogenous Growth: A q-Theory Approach

Richard Baldwin and Rikard Forslid

5548: Aggregation and the Estimated Effects of School Resources

Eric Hanushek, Steven Rivkin and Lori Taylor

5547: Understanding the 20th Century Growth in U.S. School Spending

Eric Hanushek and Steven Rivkin

5546: Business Fixed Investment and the Recent Business Cycle in Japan

Nobuhiro Kiyotaki and Kenneth West

5545: Environmental Regulation and Innovation: A Panel Data Study

Adam Jaffe and Karen Palmer

5544: Bounding the Effects of R&D: An Investigation Using Matched Establishment-Firm Data

James Adams and Adam Jaffe

5543: U.S. Trade Policy and Cigarette Smoking in Asia

Frank Chaloupka and Adit Laixuthai

5542: Sulfur Dioxide Compliance of a Regulated Utility

Don Fullerton, Shaun P. McDermott and Jonathan P. Caulkins

5541: Expectation Traps and Discretion

Varadarajan Chari, Lawrence Christiano and Martin Eichenbaum

5540: Why Does Inflation Differ Across Countries?

Marta Campillo and Jeffrey Miron

5539: Why Do People Dislike Inflation?

Robert Shiller

5538: Does Inflation "Grease the Wheels of the Labor Market"?

David Card and Dean Hyslop

5537: Why Do More Open Economies Have Bigger Governments?

Dani Rodrik

5536: Race Differences in Labor Force Attachment and Disability Status

John Bound, Michael Schoenbaum and Timothy Waidmann

5535: What Do Bureaucrats Do? The Effects of Performance Standards and Bureaucratic Preferences on Acceptance into the JTPA Program

James Heckman, Jeffrey Smith and Christopher Taber

5534: Technology and the Wage Structure

Steven Allen

5533: Balanced Budget Rules and Public Deficits: Evidence from the U.S. States

Henning Bohn and Robert P. Inman

5532: Monetary Cohabitation in Europe

Torsten Persson and Guido Tabellini

5531: Intra-National versus International Trade: How Stubborn are Nations in Global Integration?

Shang-Jin Wei

5530: Exchange Rate Dynamics and Learning

Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas and Aaron Tornell

5529: The Theory of Endowment, Intra-Industry, and Multinational Trade

James Markusen and Anthony Venables

5528: Free Entry and Social Inefficiency in Radio Broadcasting

Steven Berry and Joel Waldfogel

5527: Tax Avoidance and Value-Added vs. Income Taxation in an Open Economy

Roger Gordon and Søren Nielsen

5526: The Significance of International Tax Rules for Sourcing Income: The Relationship Between Income Taxes and Trade Taxes

John Mutti and Harry Grubert

5525: Labor Market Responses to Rising Health Insurance Costs: Evidence on Hours Worked

David Cutler and Brigitte Madrian

5524: Public Policy and Youth Smokeless Tobacco Use

Frank Chaloupka, Michael Grossman and John Tauras

5523: The 1995 NRC Ratings of Doctoral Programs: A Hedonic Model

Ronald Ehrenberg and Peter J. Hurst

5522: The Effects of Income and Wealth on Time and Money Transfers between Parents and Children

Joseph Altonji, Fumio Hayashi and Laurence Kotlikoff

5521: Are Brothers Really Better? Sibling Sex Composition and Educational Achievement Revisited

Robert Kaestner

5520: Disinflation and the NAIRU

Laurence Ball

5519: Problems in the Measurement and Performance of Service-Sector Productivity in the United States

Robert Gordon

5518: The Effects of Industry Structure on Economic Exposure

Richard C. Marston

5517: Fiscal Policy and Monetary Union: Is There a Tradeoff between Federalism and Budgetary Restrictions?

Barry Eichengreen and Juergen von Hagen

5516: Measuring U.S. International Goods and Services Transactions

Robert Baldwin and Fukunari Kimura

5515: U.S. Imports, 1972-1994: Data and Concordances

Robert Feenstra

5514: Implicit Budget Deficits: The Case of a Mandated Shift to Community-Rated Health Insurance

David Bradford and Derrick A. Max

5513: Tax Principles and Capital Inflows: Is It Efficient to Tax Nonresident Income?

Assaf Razin, Efraim Sadka and Chi-Wa Yuen

5512: Social Security Privatization: A Structure for Analysis

Olivia Mitchell and Stephen Zeldes

5511: Second-Best Pollution Taxes

Don Fullerton

5510: Log-Rolling and Economic Interests in the Passage of the Smoot-Hawley Tariff

Douglas Irwin and Randall S. Kroszner

5509: The Smoot-Hawley Tariff: A Quantitative Assessment

Douglas Irwin

5508: Fixed Costs: The Demise of Marginal q

Ricardo Caballero and John Leahy

5507: Inflation Targeting in a St. Louis Model of the 21st Century

Robert King and Alexander Wolman