NBER Working Papers

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30476: Dollar Reserves and U.S. Yields: Identifying the Price Impact of Official Flows

Rashad Ahmed and Alessandro Rebucci

30475: Long-Run Trends in Long-Maturity Real Rates 1311-2021

Kenneth Rogoff, Barbara Rossi and Paul Schmelzing

30474: Fertility and the Education of African Parents and Children

Tom Vogl

30473: Exposure to Past Immigration Waves and Attitudes toward Newcomers

Rania Gihleb, Osea Giuntella and Luca Stella

30472: Quantifying and Explaining the Decline in Public-School Teacher Retirement Benefits

Nino Abashidze, Robert L. Clark and Lee A. Craig

30471: What Drives Risky Prescription Opioid Use? Evidence from Migration

Amy Finkelstein, Matthew Gentzkow, Dean Li and Heidi Williams

30470: Do the Retired Elderly in Europe Decumulate Their Wealth? The Importance of Bequest Motives, Precautionary Saving, Public Pensions, and Homeownership

Charles Horioka and Luigi Ventura

30469: Choosing Who Chooses: Selection-Driven Targeting in Energy Rebate Programs

Takanori Ida, Takunori Ishihara, Koichiro Ito, Daido Kido, Toru Kitagawa, Shosei Sakaguchi and Shusaku Sasaki

30468: Expectations and the Neutrality of Interest Rates

John Cochrane

30467: Energy Efficiency Can Deliver for Climate Policy: Evidence from Machine Learning-Based Targeting

Peter Christensen, Paul Francisco, Erica Myers, Hansen Shao and Mateus Souza

30466: Advances in the Economic Theory of Cultural Transmission

Alberto Bisin and Thierry Verdier

30465: Housing Wealth and Online Consumer Behavior: Evidence from Xiong'an New Area in China

Hanming Fang, Long Wang and Yang Yang

30464: Do Low-skilled Immigrants Improve Native Productivity but Worsen Local Amenities? Learning from the South Korean Experience

Hyejin Kim, Jongkwan Lee and Giovanni Peri

30463: The Rise of Age-Friendly Jobs

Daron Acemoglu, Nicolaj Søndergaard Mühlbach and Andrew Scott

30462: Transportation Networks, Short-term Mobility, and Pollution Exposure: Evidence from High-Speed Rail in China

Panle Barwick, Dave Donaldson, Shanjun Li, Yatang Lin and Deyu Rao

30461: Partial Identification of Personalized Treatment Response with Trial-reported Analyses of Binary Subgroups

Sheyu Li, Valentyn Litvin and Charles Manski

30460: Explanations for the Decline in Spending at Older Ages

Susann Rohwedder, Michael Hurd and Peter Hudomiet

30459: A Framework for Economic Growth with Capital-Embodied Technical Change

Benjamin Jones and Xiaojie Liu

30458: Monetary Policy and the Short-Rate Disconnect in Emerging Economies

Pierre De Leo, Gita Gopinath and Sebnem Kalemli-Ozcan

30457: A Model of the Gold Standard

Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde and Daniel Sanches

30456: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Retirement Outcomes: Impacts of Outreach

Angelino Viceisza, Amaia Calhoun and Gabriella J.O. Lee

30455: Looking Backward, Innovating Forward: A Theory of Competitive Cascades

Kevin Lim, Daniel Trefler and Miaojie Yu

30454: Road Maintenance and Local Economic Development: Evidence from Indonesia’s Highways

Paul Gertler, Marco Gonzalez-Navarro, Tadeja Gracner and Alexander Rothenberg

30453: KFstar and Portfolio Inflows: A Focus on Latin America

John Burger, Francis E. Warnock and Veronica Cacdac Warnock

30452: Climate Risks and FDI

Grace Weishi Gu and Galina Hale

30451: Slavery and the British Industrial Revolution

Stephan Heblich, Stephen Redding and Hans-Joachim Voth

30450: Global Sourcing and Multinational Activity: A Unified Approach

Pol Antras, Evgenii Fadeev, Teresa Fort and Felix Tintelnot

30449: Information Frictions and Employee Sorting Between Startups

Kevin Bryan, Mitchell Hoffman and Amir Sariri

30448: Auditing the Prescription Drug Consumer Price Index in a Changing Marketplace

Richard G. Frank, Andrew L. Hicks and Ernst R. Berndt

30447: Firm Responses and Wage Effects of Foreign Demand Shocks with Fixed Labor Costs and Monopsony

Emmanuel Dhyne, Ken Kikkawa, Toshiaki Komatsu, Magne Mogstad and Felix Tintelnot

30446: Working from Home Around the World

Cevat Giray Aksoy, Jose Maria Barrero, Nicholas Bloom, Steven Davis, Mathias Dolls and Pablo Zárate

30445: Is Physical Climate Risk Priced? Evidence from Regional Variation in Exposure to Heat Stress

Viral Acharya, Timothy Johnson, Suresh Sundaresan and Tuomas Tomunen

30444: Gender and Race in Entrepreneurial Finance

Michael Ewens

30443: Robustness Checks in Structural Analysis

Sylvain Catherine, Mehran Ebrahimian, Mohammad Fereydounian, David Sraer and David Thesmar

30442: The Midlife Crisis

Osea Giuntella, Sally McManus, Redzo Mujcic, Andrew J. Oswald, Nattavudh Powdthavee and Ahmed Tohamy

30441: Power and Dignity in the Low-Wage Labor Market: Theory and Evidence from Wal-Mart Workers

Arindrajit Dube, Suresh Naidu and Adam D. Reich

30440: The Effects of Off-label Drug Use on Disability and Medical Expenditure

Katharina Blankart and Frank Lichtenberg

30439: Exhaustive or Exhausting? Evidence on Respondent Fatigue in Long Surveys

Dahyeon Jeong, Shilpa Aggarwal, Jonathan Robinson, Naresh Kumar, Alan Spearot and David Sungho Park

30438: The Social Tax: Redistributive Pressure and Labor Supply

Eliana Carranza, Aletheia Donald, Florian Grosset-Touba and Supreet Kaur

30437: Facts and Fantasies about Wage Setting and Collective Bargaining

Manudeep Bhuller, Karl Ove Moene, Magne Mogstad and Ola Vestad

30436: Health and Safety vs. Freedom of Contract: The Tortured Path of Wage and Hours Limits Through the State Legislatures and the Courts

Price Fishback

30435: The Impacts of Covid-19 Illnesses on Workers

Gopi Goda and Evan J. Soltas

30434: Bargaining in the Shadow of Uncertainty

Marina Agranov, Hülya Eraslan and Chloe Tergiman

30433: Multiple Price Lists for Willingness to Pay Elicitation

B. Kelsey Jack, Kathryn McDermott and Anja Sautmann

30432: Judicial Independence, Local Protectionism, and Economic Integration: Evidence from China

Ernest Liu, Yi Lu, Wenwei Peng and Shaoda Wang

30431: International College Students' Impact on the US Skilled Labor Supply

Michel Beine, Giovanni Peri and Morgan Raux

30430: The Impact of Female Teachers on Female Students' Lifetime Well-Being

David Card, Ciprian Domnisoru, Seth G. Sanders, Lowell Taylor and Victoria Udalova

30429: If You Build it, Will They Vaccinate? The Impact of COVID-19 Vaccine Sites on Vaccination Rates and Outcomes

John Brownstein, Jonathan H. Cantor, Benjamin Rader, Kosali Simon and Christopher Whaley

30428: Is Secessionism Mostly About Income or Identity? A Global Analysis of 3,003 Subnational Regions

Klaus Desmet, Ignacio Ortuño-Ortín and Ömer Özak

30427: Team Incentives and Lower Ability Workers: A Real-Effort Experiment

Richard Freeman, Xiaofei Pan, Xiaolan Yang and Maoliang Ye

30426: Race and Redistribution in the United States: An Experimental Analysis

Jesper Akesson, Robert W. Hahn, Robert Metcalfe and Itzhak Rasooly

30425: Price Spillovers and Specialization in health Care: The Case of Children's Hospitals

Ian McCarthy and Mehul V. Raval

30424: Place Effects and Geographic Inequality in Health at Birth

Eric Chyn and Na'ama Shenhav

30423: Blue Spoons: Sparking Communication About Appropriate Technology Use

Arun Chandrasekhar, Esther Duflo, Michael Kremer, João F. Pugliese, Jonathan Robinson and Frank Schilbach

30422: How Can Asset Prices Value Exchange Rate Wedges?

Karen Lewis and Edith Liu

30421: The Geography of Job Tasks

Enghin Atalay, Sebastian Sotelo and Daniel Tannenbaum

30420: Using Administrative Data to Impute Income Non-Response in Household Surveys

V. Smith, Michael P. Welsh, Richard Carson and Stanley Presser

30419: Zoomers and Boomers: Asset Prices and Intergenerational Inequality

Leland Farmer and Roger Farmer

30418: Foreign Reserves Management and Original Sin

Michael Devereux and Steve Pak Yeung Wu

30417: Cognitive Imprecision and Stake-Dependent Risk Attitudes

Mel Win Khaw, Ziang Li and Michael Woodford

30416: Place-Based Productivity and Costs in Science

Jonathan Gruber, Simon Johnson and Enrico Moretti

30415: Environmental Economics, Regulation, and Innovation

Mads Greaker and David Popp

30414: Passing the Message: Peer Outreach about COVID-19 Precautions in Zambia

Alfredo Burlando, Pradeep Chintagunta, Jessica Goldberg, Melissa Graboyes, Peter Hangoma, Dean Karlan, Mario Macis and Silvia Prina

30413: Optimal Assignment of Bureaucrats: Evidence from Randomly Assigned Tax Collectors in the DRC

Augustin Bergeron, Pedro Bessone, John Kabeya Kabeya, Gabriel Tourek and Jonathan L. Weigel

30412: Intergenerational Transmission of Family Influence

Sadegh Eshaghnia, James Heckman, Rasmus Landersø and Rafeh Qureshi

30411: Microequity and Mutuality: Experimental Evidence on Credit with Performance-Contingent Repayment

Francesco Cordaro, Marcel Fafchamps, Colin Mayer, Muhammad Meki, Simon Quinn and Kate Roll

30410: Everybody’s Talkin’ at Me: Levels of Majority Language Acquisition by Minority Language Speakers

William Brock, Bo Chen, Steven Durlauf and Shlomo Weber

30409: Infinite Debt Rollover in Stochastic Economies

Narayana Kocherlakota

30408: Industry Choice and within Industry Earnings Effects of Career and Technical Education

Eric Brunner, Shaun Dougherty and Stephen Ross

30407: Welfare Reform and the Quality of Young Children's Home Environments

Ariel Kalil, Hope Corman, Dhaval Dave, Ofira Schwartz-Soicher and Nancy Reichman

30406: The Impacts of Crises on the Trilemma Configurations

Joshua Aizenman, Menzie Chinn and Hiro Ito

30405: A Helping Hand Goes a Long Way: Long-Term Effects of Counselling and Support to Workfare Program Participants

Gustavo Bobonis, Aneta Bonikowska, Philip Oreopoulos, W. Craig Riddell and Steven P. Ryan

30404: The Effect of College and University Endowments on Financial Aid, Admissions, and Student Composition

George Bulman

30403: Investing in Lending Technology: IT Spending in Banking

Zhiguo He, Sheila Jiang, Douglas Xu and Xiao Yin

30402: Free-Riding Yankees: Canada and the Panama Canal

Sebastian Galiani, Luis F. Jaramillo and Mateo Uribe-Castro

30401: Growth Elasticities of Poverty Reduction

Martin Ravallion

30400: Computerized Machine Tools and the Transformation of US Manufacturing

Leah Boustan, Jiwon Choi and David Clingingsmith

30399: The Steering Incentives of Gatekeepers in the Telecommunications Industry

Brian McManus, Aviv Nevo, Zachary Nolan and Jonathan W. Williams

30398: Assessing External Validity in Practice

Sebastian Galiani and Brian Quistorff

30397: Boomerang College Kids: Unemployment, Job Mismatch and Coresidence

Stefania Albanesi, Rania Gihleb and Ning Zhang

30396: Top Wealth in America: A Reexamination

Emmanuel Saez and Gabriel Zucman

30395: Popular Personal Financial Advice versus the Professors

James Choi

30394: The Small Open Economy in a Generalized Gravity Model

Svetlana Demidova, Konstantin Kucheryavyy, Takumi Naito and Andres Rodriguez-Clare

30393: Vote Early and Vote Often? Detecting Electoral Fraud from the Timing of 19th Century Elections

Francesco Ferlenga and Brian Knight

30392: The First Sale Doctrine and the Digital Challenge to Public Libraries

Imke Reimers and Joel Waldfogel

30391: The Governance of Non-Profits and their Social Impact: Evidence from a Randomized Program in Healthcare in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Anicet Fangwa, Caroline Flammer, Marieke Huysentruyt and Bertrand Quelin

30390: The Private Provision of Public Services: Evidence from Random Assignment in Medicaid

Danil Agafiev Macambira, Michael Geruso, Anthony Lollo, Chima D. Ndumele and Jacob Wallace

30389: New Frontiers: The Origins and Content of New Work, 1940–2018

David Autor, Caroline Chin, Anna M. Salomons and Bryan Seegmiller

30388: Does Occupational Licensing Reduce Value Creation on Digital Platforms?

Peter Q. Blair and Mischa Fisher

30387: Where Have All the Workers Gone? Recalls, Retirements, and Reallocation in the COVID Recovery

Eliza Forsythe, Lisa B. Kahn, Fabian Lange and David Wiczer

30386: The Impact of Diversity on Perceptions of Income Distribution and Preferences for Redistribution

Juliana Londoño-Vélez

30385: Family Formation and Crime

Maxim N. Massenkoff and Evan K. Rose

30384: Internal Migration in the United States: Rates, Selection, and Destination Choice, 1850-1940

Ariell Zimran

30383: Broadband Internet and the Stock Market Investments of Individual Investors

Hans Hvide, Tom G. Meling, Magne Mogstad and Ola Vestad

30382: Eviction and Poverty in American Cities

Robert Collinson, John Humphries, Nicholas S. Mader, Davin K. Reed, Daniel Tannenbaum and Winnie van Dijk

30381: Scared Straight? Threat and Assimilation of Refugees in Germany

Philipp Jaschke, Sulin Sardoschau and Marco Tabellini

30380: Rationing by Race

Manasvini Singh and Atheendar Venkataramani

30379: Unconditional Cash and Family Investments in Infants: Evidence from a Large-Scale Cash Transfer Experiment in the U.S

Lisa A. Gennetian, Greg Duncan, Nathan A. Fox, Katherine Magnuson, Sarah Halpern-Meekin, Kimberly G. Noble and Hirokazu Yoshikawa

30378: Not Learning from Others

John J. Conlon, Malavika Mani, Gautam Rao, Matthew Ridley and Frank Schilbach

30377: The German Model of Industrial Relations: Balancing Flexibility and Collective Action

Simon Jäger, Shakked Noy and Benjamin Schoefer