NBER Working Papers

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18610: Who is Exposed to Gas Prices? How Gasoline Prices Affect Automobile Manufacturers and Dealerships

Meghan R. Busse, Christopher Knittel and Florian Zettelmeyer

18609: Did the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) Lead to Risky Lending?

Sumit Agarwal, Efraim Benmelech, Nittai Bergman and Amit Seru

18608: Misconduct in Credence Good Markets

Jennifer Brown and Dylan B. Minor

18607: Risk Management and Climate Change

Howard Kunreuther, Geoffrey Heal, Myles Allen, Ottmar Edenhofer, Christopher B. Field and Gary Yohe

18606: External Imbalances and Financial Crises

Alan Taylor

18605: Does State Preschool Crowd-Out Private Provision? The Impact of Universal Preschool on the Childcare Sector in Oklahoma and Georgia

Daphna Bassok, Maria Fitzpatrick and Susanna Loeb

18604: Concording EU Trade and Production Data over Time

Ilke Van Beveren, Andrew Bernard and Hylke Vandenbussche

18603: Cyclical Variation in Labor Hours and Productivity Using the ATUS

Michael Burda, Daniel Hamermesh and Jay Stewart

18602: Experience Matters: Human Capital and Development Accounting

David Lagakos, Benjamin Moll, Tommaso Porzio, Nancy Qian and Todd Schoellman

18601: Narrow Framing and Life Insurance

Daniel Gottlieb and Kent Smetters

18600: When Is There a Strong Transfer Risk from the Sovereigns to the Corporates? Property Rights Gaps and CDS Spreads

Jennie Bai and Shang-Jin Wei

18599: The Promise of Positive Optimal Taxation: Normative Diversity and a role for Equal Sacrifice

Matthew Weinzierl

18598: The Effects of Texas's Targeted Pre-Kindergarten Program on Academic Performance

Rodney J. Andrews, Paul Jargowsky and Kristin Kuhne

18597: Do Labor Market Policies Have Displacement Effects? Evidence from a Clustered Randomized Experiment

Bruno Crépon, Esther Duflo, Marc Gurgand, Roland Rathelot and Philippe Zamora

18596: Carbon Taxes, Path Dependency and Directed Technical Change: Evidence from the Auto Industry

Philippe Aghion, Antoine Dechezleprêtre, David Hemous, Ralf Martin and John van Reenen

18595: Offshoring and Directed Technical Change

Daron Acemoglu, Gino Gancia and Fabrizio Zilibotti

18594: Costly Litigation and Optimal Damages

A. Mitchell Polinsky and Steven Shavell

18593: Value-Based Differential Pricing: Efficient Prices for Drugs in a Global Context

Patricia Danzon, Adrian Towse and Jorge Mestre-Ferrandiz

18592: Capital and Labor Reallocation Inside Firms

Xavier Giroud and Holger M. Mueller

18591: The ARRA: Some Unpleasant Welfare Arithmetic

Casey Mulligan

18590: Buy-it-now or Take-a-chance: Price Discrimination through Randomized Auctions

L. Elisa Celis, Gregory Lewis, Markus Mobius and Hamid Nazerzadeh

18589: The Gorbachev Anti-Alcohol Campaign and Russia's Mortality Crisis

Jay Bhattacharya, Christina Gathmann and Grant Miller

18588: Changing Social Contracts: Beliefs and Dissipative Inclusion in Brazil

Lee Alston, Marcus Melo, Bernardo Mueller and Carlos Pereira

18587: Efficient Bailouts?

Javier Bianchi

18586: The Missing "One-Offs": The Hidden Supply of High-Achieving, Low Income Students

Caroline Hoxby and Christopher Avery

18585: Participation and Duration of Environmental Agreements

Marco Battaglini and Bard Harstad

18584: Taxation of Intergenerational Transfers and Wealth

Wojciech Kopczuk

18583: Gasoline Prices, Fuel Economy, and the Energy Paradox

Hunt Allcott and Nathan Wozny

18582: Fettered Consumers and Sophisticated Firms: Evidence from Mexico's Privatized Social Security Market

Fabián Duarte and Justine Hastings

18581: Understanding the Mechanisms through Which an Influential Early Childhood Program Boosted Adult Outcomes

James Heckman, Rodrigo Pinto and Peter Savelyev

18580: Incentives, Commitments and Habit Formation in Exercise: Evidence from a Field Experiment with Workers at a Fortune-500 Company

Heather Royer, Mark Stehr and Justin R. Sydnor

18579: Tracing Value-added and Double Counting in Gross Exports

Robert Koopman, Zhi Wang and Shang-Jin Wei

18578: Output Spillovers from Fiscal Policy

Alan Auerbach and Yuriy Gorodnichenko

18577: The Mover's Advantage: Scientific Performance of Mobile Academics

Chiara Franzoni, Giuseppe Scellato and Paula Stephan

18576: Gender, Competitiveness and Career Choices

Thomas Buser, Muriel Niederle and Hessel Oosterbeek

18575: What Makes Annuitization More Appealing?

John Beshears, James Choi, David Laibson, Brigitte Madrian and Stephen Zeldes

18574: Free to Choose? Reform and Demand Response in the English National Health Service

Martin Gaynor, Carol Propper and Stephan Seiler

18573: Democracy Undone. Systematic Minority Advantage in Competitive Vote Markets

Alessandra Casella and Sébastien Turban

18572: Analyzing the Effects of Insuring Health Risks: On the Trade-off between Short Run Insurance Benefits vs. Long Run Incentive Costs

Harold Cole, Soojin Kim and Dirk Krueger

18571: Public Liabilities and Health Care Policy

Kristopher Hult and Tomas Philipson

18570: Is Inflation Targeting Still On Target?

Luis Cespedes, Roberto Chang and Andrés Velasco

18569: Macroeconomic Performance During Commodity Price Booms and Busts

Luis Cespedes and Andrés Velasco

18568: Using Student Test Scores to Measure Principal Performance

Jason A. Grissom, Demetra Kalogrides and Susanna Loeb

18567: Aggregation of Consumer Ratings: An Application to Yelp.com

Weijia Dai, Ginger Z. Jin, Jungmin Lee and Michael Luca

18566: Colonialism and Economic Development in Africa

Leander Heldring and James Robinson

18565: Active vs. Passive Decisions and Crowdout in Retirement Savings Accounts: Evidence from Denmark

Raj Chetty, John Friedman, Søren Leth-Petersen, Torben Nielsen and Tore Olsen

18564: Nonlinear Policy Rules and the Identification and Estimation of Causal Effects in a Generalized Regression Kink Design

David Card, David Lee, Zhuan Pei and Andrea Weber

18563: Currency Unions, Product Introductions, and the Real Exchange Rate

Alberto Cavallo, Brent Neiman and Roberto Rigobon

18562: Using Neural Data to Test a Theory of Investor Behavior: An Application to Realization Utility

Cary Frydman, Nicholas Barberis, Colin Camerer, Peter Bossaerts and Antonio Rangel

18561: How Firms Export: Processing vs. Ordinary Trade with Financial Frictions

Kalina Manova and Zhihong Yu

18560: Arbitrage Asymmetry and the Idiosyncratic Volatility Puzzle

Robert Stambaugh, Jianfeng Yu and Yu Yuan

18559: The Asset Price Meltdown and the Wealth of the Middle Class

Edward N. Wolff

18558: Embedded Leverage

Andrea Frazzini and Lasse Pedersen

18557: The Federal Reserve, Emerging Markets, and Capital Controls: A High Frequency Empirical Investigation

Sebastian Edwards

18556: On the Link Between the Volatility and Skewness of Growth

Geert Bekaert and Alexander Popov

18555: Building Castles in the Air: Evidence from Industry IPO Waves

Zhi Da, Ravi Jagannathan and Jianfeng Shen

18554: Empirical Cross-Sectional Asset Pricing

Stefan Nagel

18553: How Important Are Perpetual Tax Savings?

James Hines

18552: The Effect of Pharmaceutical Innovation on Longevity: Patient-Level Evidence from the 1996-2002 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and Linked Mortality Public-Use Files

Frank Lichtenberg

18551: Information and College Access: Evidence from a Randomized Field Experiment

Philip Oreopoulos and Ryan Dunn

18550: Misallocation and Financial Frictions: Some Direct Evidence From the Dispersion in Borrowing Costs

Simon Gilchrist, Jae Sim and Egon Zakrajšek

18549: Repo and Securities Lending

Tobias Adrian, Brian Begalle, Adam Copeland and Antoine Martin

18548: Speculative Betas

Harrison Hong and David Sraer

18547: Quiet Bubbles

Harrison Hong and David Sraer

18546: On the Spatial Economic Impact of Global Warming

Klaus Desmet and Esteban Rossi-Hansberg

18545: Fiscal Rules and Discretion under Persistent Shocks

Marina Halac and Pierre Yared

18544: The Making Of A Great Contraction With A Liquidity Trap and A Jobless Recovery

Stephanie Schmitt-Grohe and Martín Uribe

18543: You Owe Me

Ulrike Malmendier and Klaus Schmidt

18542: Mismeasurement of Pensions Before and After Retirement: The Mystery of the Disappearing Pensions with Implications for the Importance of Social Security as a Source of Retirement Support

Alan Gustman, Thomas L. Steinmeier and Nahid Tabatabai

18541: Free Lunch! Arbitrage Opportunities in the Foreign Exchange Markets

Takatoshi Ito, Kenta Yamada, Misako Takayasu and Hideki Takayasu

18540: Dynamic Programming with Hermite Approximation

Yongyang Cai and Kenneth Judd

18539: The Political Economy of Government Revenues in Post-Conflict Resource-Rich Africa: Liberia and Sierra Leone

Victor Davies and Sylvain Dessy

18538: The Impacts of Microcredit: Evidence from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Britta Augsburg, Ralph De Haas, Heike Harmgart and Costas Meghir

18537: Vulnerable Banks

Robin Greenwood, Augustin Landier and David Thesmar

18536: Monetary Rules for Commodity Traders

Luis Catão and Roberto Chang

18535: Long Run Impacts of Childhood Access to the Safety Net

Hilary Hoynes, Diane Schanzenbach and Douglas Almond

18534: The Spatial Diffusion of Technology

Diego Comin, Mikhail Dmitriev and Esteban Rossi-Hansberg

18533: Do Consumers Respond to Marginal or Average Price? Evidence from Nonlinear Electricity Pricing

Koichiro Ito

18532: Trade, Domestic Frictions, and Scale Effects

Natalia Ramondo, Andres Rodriguez-Clare and Milagro Saborio-Rodriguez

18531: Systemic Risks in Global Banking: What Available Data can tell us and What More Data are Needed?

Eugenio Cerutti, Stijn Claessens and Patrick McGuire

18530: Higher Education, Merit-Based Scholarships and Post-Baccalaureate Migration

Maria Fitzpatrick and Damon Jones

18529: Health Insurance Reform: The Impact of a Medicare Buy-In

Gary Hansen, Minchung Hsu and Junsang Lee

18528: Dollar Funding and the Lending Behavior of Global Banks

Victoria Ivashina, David Scharfstein and Jeremy Stein

18527: Macroeconomic Adjustment and the History of Crises in Open Economies

Joshua Aizenman and Ilan Noy

18526: Capital Controls: Gates versus Walls

Michael Klein

18525: Donating the Voucher: An Alternative Tax Treatment of Private School Enrollment

Andrew Samwick

18524: Highway to Success: The Impact of the Golden Quadrilateral Project for the Location and Performance of Indian Manufacturing

Ejaz Ghani, Arti Grover and William Kerr

18523: Affirmative Action and University Fit: Evidence from Proposition 209

Peter Arcidiacono, Esteban Aucejo, Patrick Coate and V. Joseph Hotz

18522: Workplace Heterogeneity and the Rise of West German Wage Inequality

David Card, Jörg Heining and Patrick Kline

18521: Optimal Labor Income Taxation

Thomas Piketty and Emmanuel Saez

18520: The U.S. Employment-Population Reversal in the 2000s: Facts and Explanations

Robert Moffitt

18519: Games and Resources

Bard Harstad and Matti Liski

18518: Does Mandatory Diversion to Drug Treatment Eliminate Racial Disparities in the Incarceration of Drug Offenders? An Examination of California's Proposition 36

Nancy Nicosia, John M. MacDonald and Rosalie Pacula

18517: The Effect of Pension Design on Employer Costs and Employee Retirement Choices: Evidence from Oregon

John Chalmers, Woodrow Johnson and Jonathan Reuter

18516: Wrongful Discharge Laws and Innovation

Viral Acharya, Ramin P. Baghai and Krishnamurthy Subramanian

18515: Immigration and the Distribution of Incomes

Francine Blau and Lawrence Kahn

18514: The Hated Property Tax: Salience, Tax Rates, and Tax Revolts

Marika Cabral and Caroline Hoxby

18513: Information Acquisition in Rumor Based Bank Runs

Zhiguo He and Asaf Manela

18512: Ethnic Inequality

Alberto Alesina, Stelios Michalopoulos and Elias Papaioannou

18511: Do Women Avoid Salary Negotiations? Evidence from a Large Scale Natural Field Experiment

Andreas Leibbrandt and John List