NBER Working Papers

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16026: Genetic Interactions with Prenatal Social Environment: Effects on Academic and Behavioral Outcomes

Dalton Conley and Emily Rauscher

16025: How Much is Social Capital Worth?

John Helliwell and Christopher Barrington-Leigh

16024: Understanding Creativity

David Galenson

16023: The Cost of Debt

Jules van Binsbergen, John Graham and Jie Yang

16022: Rationalizing Trading Frequency and Returns

Yosef Bonaparte and Russell Cooper

16021: Economic Opportunities and Gender Differences in Human Capital: Experimental Evidence for India

Robert T. Jensen

16020: Financial Innovation, the Discovery of Risk, and the U.S. Credit Crisis

Emine Boz and Enrique Mendoza

16019: Human Resource Management and Productivity

Nicholas Bloom and John van Reenen

16018: Building Social Capital Through MicroFinance

Benjamin Feigenberg, Erica M. Field and Rohini Pande

16017: Recruiting Effective Math Teachers: How Do Math Immersion Teachers Compare?: Evidence from New York City

Donald Boyd, Pam Grossman, Karen Hammerness, Hamilton Lankford, Susanna Loeb, Mathew Ronfeldt and James Wyckoff

16016: Program Evaluation and Research Designs

John DiNardo and David S. Lee

16015: Measure for Measure: The relationship between measures of instructional practice in middle school English Language Arts and teachers' value-added scores

Pam Grossman, Susanna Loeb, Julia Cohen, Karen Hammerness, James Wyckoff, Donald Boyd and Hamilton Lankford

16014: Characterizing Markets for Biopharmaceutical Innovations: Do Biologics Differ from Small Molecules?

Mark Trusheim, Murray L. Aitken and Ernst R. Berndt

16013: The Effect of Education on Adult Health and Mortality: Evidence from Britain

Damon Clark and Heather Royer

16012: The Impact of Health Care Reform On Hospital and Preventive Care: Evidence from Massachusetts

Jonathan Kolstad and Amanda Kowalski

16011: Medicare Part D and its Effect on the Use of Prescription Drugs, Use of Other Health Care Services and Health of the Elderly

Robert Kaestner and Nasreen Khan

16010: GDP, Technical Change, and the Measurement of Net Income: the Weitzman Model Revisited

Charles R. Hulten and Paul Schreyer

16009: Taxing Guns vs. Taxing Crime: An Application of the "Market for Offenses Model"

Isaac Ehrlich and Tetsuya Saito

16008: Build America Bonds

Andrew Ang, Vineer Bhansali and Yuhang Xing

16007: Diagnosing Consumer Confusion and Sub-Optimal Shopping Effort: Theory and Mortgage-Market Evidence

Susan E. Woodward and Robert Hall

16006: The Collapse of International Trade During the 2008-2009 Crisis: In Search of the Smoking Gun

Andrei Levchenko, Logan Lewis and Linda Tesar

16005: The Risk Content of Exports: A Portfolio View of International Trade

Julian di Giovanni and Andrei Levchenko

16004: Under Pressure? The Effect of Peers on Outcomes of Young Adults

Sandra Black, Paul Devereux and Kjell G Salvanes

16003: Econometric Methods for Research in Education

Costas Meghir and Steven Rivkin

16002: As Science Evolves, How Can Science Policy?

Benjamin Jones

16001: Deals versus Rules: Policy Implementation Uncertainty and Why Firms Hate It

Mary Hallward-Driemeier, Gita Khun-Jush and Lant Pritchett

16000: A Sexually Unbalanced Model of Current Account Imbalances

Qingyuan Du and Shang-Jin Wei

15999: Credit Default Swaps and the Empty Creditor Problem

Patrick Bolton and Martin Oehmke

15998: The Effect of Housing on Portfolio Choice

Raj Chetty and Adam Szeidl

15997: Financial Development and City Growth: Evidence from Northeastern American Cities, 1790-1870

Howard Bodenhorn and David Cuberes

15996: Skills, Exports, and the Wages of Seven Million Latin American Workers

Irene Brambilla, Rafael Dix-Carneiro, Daniel Lederman and Guido Porto

15995: Exports, Export Destinations, and Skills

Irene Brambilla, Daniel Lederman and Guido Porto

15994: Joblessness and Perceptions about the Effectiveness of Democracy

Duha Altindag and Naci Mocan

15993: Value versus Growth: Time-Varying Expected Stock Returns

Huseyin Gulen, Yuhang Xing and Lu Zhang

15992: Asset Liquidity and the Cost of Capital

Hernán Ortiz-Molina and Gordon Phillips

15991: Text-Based Network Industries and Endogenous Product Differentiation

Gerard Hoberg and Gordon Phillips

15990: Match Quality, Worker Productivity, and Worker Mobility: Direct Evidence From Teachers

C. Kirabo Jackson

15989: Valuing Incremental Highway Capacity in a Network

Henry Klaiber and V. Smith

15988: The Macroeconomic Effects of Housing Wealth, Housing Finance, and Limited Risk-Sharing in General Equilibrium

Jack Favilukis, Sydney Ludvigson and Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh

15987: Risk and the CEO Market: Why Do Some Large Firms Hire Highly-Paid, Low-Talent CEOs?

Alex Edmans and Xavier Gabaix

15986: Optimal Interest-Rate Rules in a Forward-Looking Model, and Inflation Stabilization versus Price-Level Stabilization

Marc Giannoni

15985: The Contribution of Trade to Wage Inequality: The Role of Skill, Gender, and Nationality

Michael Klein, Christoph Moser and Dieter Urban

15984: Fertility and the Personal Exemption: Comment

Richard Crump, Gopi Goda and Kevin Mumford

15983: Worker replacement

Guido Menzio and Espen Moen

15982: Social Welfare Expenditures in the United States and the Nordic Countries: 1900-2003

Price Fishback

15981: Commercial Imperialism? Political Influence and Trade During the Cold War

Daniel Berger, William Easterly, Nathan Nunn and Shanker Satyanath

15980: Targeting the Poor: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Indonesia

Vivi Alatas, Abhijit Banerjee, Rema Hanna, Benjamin Olken and Julia Tobias

15979: The Labor Market in the Great Recession

Michael Elsby, Bart Hobijn and Aysegul Sahin

15978: Why Has California's Residential Electricity Consumption Been So Flat since the 1980s?: A Microeconometric Approach

Dora Costa and Matthew Kahn

15977: Personnel Economics: Hiring and Incentives

Paul Oyer and Scott Schaefer

15976: Back on the Rails: Competition and Productivity in State-owned Industry

Sanghamitra Das, Kala Krishna, Sergey Lychagin and Rohini Somanathan

15975: Persuasion and empathy in salesperson-customer interactions

Julio Rotemberg

15974: Global Banks and International Shock Transmission: Evidence from the Crisis

Nicola Cetorelli and Linda Goldberg

15973: The Shape of Temptation: Implications for the Economic Lives of the Poor

Abhijit Banerjee and Sendhil Mullainathan

15972: Charity and Favoritism in the Field: Are Female Economists Nicer (to Each Other)?

Jason Abrevaya and Daniel Hamermesh

15971: The Housing Cycle and Prospects for Technical Progress

Casey Mulligan

15970: Interracial Friendships in College

Braz Camargo, Ralph Stinebrickner and Todd Stinebrickner

15969: The Impact of Direct-to-Consumer Advertising on Pharmaceutical Prices and Demand

Dhaval Dave and Henry Saffer

15968: Did Bankruptcy Reform Cause Mortgage Default to Rise?

Wenli Li, Michelle White and Ning Zhu

15967: On the Formation of Coalitions to Provide Public Goods - Experimental Evidence from the Lab

Astrid Dannenberg, Andreas Lange and Bodo Sturm

15966: The Role of Teacher Quality in Retention and Hiring: Using Applications-to-Transfer to Uncover Preferences of Teachers and Schools

Donald Boyd, Hamilton Lankford, Susanna Loeb, Matthew Ronfeldt and James Wyckoff

15965: A Cluster-Grid Projection Method: Solving Problems with High Dimensionality

Kenneth Judd, Lilia Maliar and Serguei Maliar

15964: Pop Internationalism: Has A Half Century of World Music Trade Displaced Local Culture?

Fernando Ferreira and Joel Waldfogel

15963: Inertia and Overwithholding: Explaining the Prevalence of Income Tax Refunds

Damon Jones

15962: Disability Risk, Disability Insurance and Life Cycle Behavior

Hamish Low and Luigi Pistaferri

15961: The Online Laboratory: Conducting Experiments in a Real Labor Market

John Horton, David G. Rand and Richard Zeckhauser

15960: Borders, Ethnicity and Trade

Jenny C. Aker, Michael Klein, Stephen A. O'Connell and Muzhe Yang

15959: Market Structure and Innovation: A Dynamic Analysis of the Global Automobile Industry

Aamir Hashmi and Johannes Van Biesebroeck

15958: Competing Engines of Growth: Innovation and Standardization

Daron Acemoglu, Gino Gancia and Fabrizio Zilibotti

15957: An Alternative Theory of the Plant Size Distribution with an Application to Trade

Thomas Holmes and John Stevens

15956: An Autopsy of the U.S. Financial System

Ross Levine

15955: A Dynamic Model of Housing Demand: Estimation and Policy Implications

Patrick Bajari, Phoebe Chan, Dirk Krueger and Daniel Miller

15954: The Falling Time Cost of College: Evidence from Half a Century of Time Use Data

Philip Babcock and Mindy Marks

15953: Binge Drinking and Risky Sex among College Students

Jeffrey DeSimone

15952: Borrow Cheap, Buy High? The Determinants of Leverage and Pricing in Buyouts

Ulf Axelson, Tim Jenkinson, Per Stromberg and Michael Weisbach

15951: Measurement Errors in Investment Equations

Heitor Almeida, Murillo Campello and Antonio Galvao

15950: Does Risk Explain Anomalies? Evidence from Expected Return Estimates

Jin Ginger Wu and Lu Zhang

15949: The Economics of International Differences in Educational Achievement

Eric Hanushek and Ludger Woessmann

15948: Characteristic Timing

Robin Greenwood and Samuel Hanson

15947: Local Labor Markets

Enrico Moretti

15946: The Political Economy of Intergenerational Income Mobility

Andrea Ichino, Loukas Karabarbounis and Enrico Moretti

15945: Short Criminals: Stature and Crime in Early America

Howard Bodenhorn, Carolyn Moehling and Gregory Price

15944: Theory, General Equilibrium and Political Economy in Development Economics

Daron Acemoglu

15943: Breadth vs. Depth: The Timing of Specialization in Higher Education

Ofer Malamud

15942: Who Pays Cigarette Taxes? The Impact of Consumer Price Search

Philip DeCicca, Donald Kenkel and Feng Liu

15941: Excise Tax Avoidance: The Case of State Cigarette Taxes

Philip DeCicca, Donald Kenkel and Feng Liu

15940: The Other Side of Value: Good Growth and the Gross Profitability Premium

Robert Novy-Marx

15939: Energy Conservation "Nudges" and Environmentalist Ideology: Evidence from a Randomized Residential Electricity Field Experiment

Dora Costa and Matthew Kahn

15938: On the Sources of Aggregate Fluctuations in Emerging Economies

Roberto Chang and Andrés Fernández Martin

15937: Locked Up by a Lockup: Valuing Liquidity as a Real Option

Andrew Ang and Nicolas P.B. Bollen

15936: Foreign Ownership and Employment Growth in Indonesian Manufacturing

Robert Lipsey, Fredrik Sjöholm and Jing Sun

15935: Can Pollution Tax Rebates Protect Low-Income Families? The Effects of Relative Wage Rates

Don Fullerton and Holly Monti

15934: Fiscal Rules in India: Are They Effective?

Willem Buiter and Urjit R. Patel

15933: Client-Based Entrepreneurship

James Rauch and Joel Watson

15932: Does Reducing College Costs Improve Educational Outcomes for Undocumented Immigrants? Evidence from State Laws Permitting Undocumented Immigrants to Pay In-state Tuition at State Colleges and Universities

Aimee Chin and Chinhui Juhn

15931: Unemployment Fiscal Multipliers

Tommaso Monacelli, Roberto Perotti and Antonella Trigari

15930: Innovators: Filmmakers

David Galenson

15929: Reading the Recent Monetary History of the U.S., 1959-2007

Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde, Pablo Guerron and Juan F Rubio-Ramirez

15928: Fortune or Virtue: Time-Variant Volatilities Versus Parameter Drifting in U.S. Data

Jesus Fernandez-Villaverde, Pablo Guerron and Juan F Rubio-Ramirez

15927: Excessive Volatility in Capital Flows: A Pigouvian Taxation Approach

Olivier Jeanne and Anton Korinek